Contraception

Question 1

How many pregnancies are unplanned?

Answer 1

1 in 3

Question 2

How many days can sperm survive in the vagina?

Answer 2

5 days

Question 3

What does the CHC contain?

Answer 3

Oestrogen and progesterone

Question 4

How does the CHC work?

Answer 4

It inhibits ovulation

Question 5

How many days does it take for the COCP to be effective?

Answer 5

7 days

Question 6

TRUE/FALSE

You need one patch per cycle

Answer 6

FALSE

Normally need about 3

Question 7

Benefits of the combined hormonal vaginal ring

Answer 7

Less bleeding problems, acne, irritability/mood changes

Question 8

Desogestrol good for…

Answer 8

Acne
Headache
Breakthrough Bleeding

Question 9

What 3 things affect the effectiveness of CHC?

Answer 9

Impaired absorption
Increased metabolism
Forgetting to take it

Question 10

What are the risks with CHC?

Answer 10

VTE
Arterial thrombosis
Cancer- breast and cervical  
Blood clotting
Systemic hypertension
MI
Liver

Question 11

Side benefits of CHC?

Answer 11

Cancer-endometrial and ovarian
Improvement in acne
Decreased menorrhagia/dysmenorrhoea
decreased menopausal symtpoms

Question 12

Absolute CI to CHC

Answer 12

Migraine with aura
Migraine w/o aura but 1+ RF for stroke
Severe Migraine or migraine treated with ergot derivatives

Question 13

What is an extra specific CI for COCP?

Answer 13

Women >40 with a high BMI

Question 14

How is CHC taken?

Answer 14

-Start in 1st 5 days of mensuration (or any time if sure not pregnant + condoms for 7 days)

Question 15

What are the short term SE of CHC?

Answer 15

Breast tenderness
Nausea
Wt gain
Mood swings
Usually resolve within 2-3 cycles

Question 16

When should you stop taking the pill?

Answer 16

If chest pain or breathlessness, leg swelling/pain, severe stomach pain, unusual long headache or BP increase

Question 17

After what period of time of forgetting the pill should you use condoms?

Answer 17

if >48h since pill use condom for 7 days

Question 18

TRUE/FALSE

If you vomit <2h after taking a pill then you should take another

Answer 18

true

Question 19

How many days postpartum can you start CHC if not breastfeeding?

Answer 19

21 days

Question 20

How many weeks postpartum can a IUCD be fitted?

Answer 20

4 weeks

Question 21

If there is a TOP <24wks gestation how soon can CHC be started?

Answer 21

5 days

Question 22

When should you use emergency contraception if on CHC?

Answer 22

If you forget 2-3 pills in 1st 7 days and UPSI occurred in those days

Question 23

What are some non-contraceptive reasons to take COC?

Answer 23

Heavy periods
Painful periods
Irregular periods
Acne
Endometriosis
Menstural migraines
Hirsutism

Question 24

How do progesterone only pills work?

Answer 24

Inhibit ovulation

Question 25

What are the names of 2 progesterone only pills?

Answer 25

Cerezelle | Cezette

Question 26

How many years does the progesterone only implant provide protection for?

Answer 26

3 years

Question 27

TRUE/FALSE | The bleeding in the first 3 months of the progesterone only implant is heavy but it will relax

Answer 27

LIES | The bleeding pattern in the first 3 months are broadly predictive of future bleeding patterns

Question 28

How long do the progesterone injections last?

Answer 28

14 weeks

Question 29

What can the progesterone implants cause?

Answer 29

Osteoporosis

Question 30

How does the IUS affect implantation?

Answer 30

The endometrium is rendered unfavourable

Question 31

TRUE/FALSE | The IUS makes periods lighter and less painful

Answer 31

TRUE

Question 32

How long does the IUS last?

Answer 32

5 years

Question 33

Barrier methods of contraception stop all transmission of STDs TRUE/FALSE

Answer 33

FALSE | Obv never 100% certain but also it does not reduce transmission of STDs affecting the perineum

Question 34

OIL based lubricants are the best to use TRUE/FALSE

Answer 34

FALSE | It destroys the latex

Question 35

When is the most fertile time in a woman menstural cycle?

Answer 35

6 days prior to ovulation and 2 days afterwards | DAYS 8-18

Question 36

By how much does the basal body temperature increase during ovulation?

Answer 36

>0.2 degrees c

Question 37

If using cervical mucous as a way fo determining when you are fertile when should you avoid sex in order to not become pregnant?

Answer 37

No intercourse from the day mucous becomes slippery to 3 days after it becomes tacky

Question 38

What 3 things must be true in order to meet the criteria for lactation amenorrhoea?

Answer 38

1- Exclusively breastfeeding 2-Less than 6-12h postnatal 3-Amenorrhoeic

Question 39

When can emergency contraception be used?

Answer 39

Can be used up to 5 days post UPSI OR Within 5 days of predicted date of ovulation

Question 40

COPPER IUD is more effective than oral TRUE/FALSE

Answer 40

True- 10x more effective

Question 41

What are the 3 methods by which the copper coil works?

Answer 41

1- inhibit fertilisation 2- Inhibit implantation 3-Stop sperm penetration (as they are toxic to sperm)

Question 42

In general when can LARC be inserted?

Answer 42

If there has been no UPSI in the last 3 weeks

Question 43

What is the only emergency contraception that can be used after ovulation?

Answer 43

Copper IUD

Question 44

SE of Copper IUD

Answer 44

Periods heavy Crampy Menorrhagia/Dysmonorrhoea

Question 45

What are the two types of oral emergency contraception?

Answer 45

LNG-EC | UPA-EC

Question 46

How does LNG-EC work?

Answer 46

Contains Levonorgestrel Up to 72h High dose progesterone Works until just before LH surge

Question 47

With oral EC you need to give a double dose if their BMI is >26 TRUE/FALSE

Answer 47

FALSE | Need to give double dose with LNG but not UPA

Question 48

How long post-UPSI does UPA-EC work?

Answer 48

120h

Question 49

What does UPA-EC contain?

Answer 49

3-mg Ulipristal acetate e.g. EllaOne

Question 50

How does UPA-EC work?

Answer 50

Anti-progesterone | Can work during LH surge but not after

Question 51

Which of the oral contraceptives can only be used once in a menstural cycle?

Answer 51

UPA-EC