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ADELE-Repro Ramblings > Infertility > Flashcards

Infertility Flashcards

(54 cards)

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1
Q

Define health

A

A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease to infirmity

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2
Q

How many couples suffer from infertility?

A

1 in 6 couples

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3
Q

Semen abnormality is the cause of what percentage of male infertility?

A

85%

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4
Q

What does oligoasthenospermia mean?

A

Low count and low motiltiy

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5
Q

What 3 things could cause semen abnormality?

A

1- Testicular cancer
2- Drugs (such as alcohol and nicotine)
3- Variocele

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6
Q

What does azoospermia mean?

A

Semen contains no sperm

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7
Q

What type of azoospermia might chemotherapy cause?

A

Non-obstructive

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8
Q

Low testicular volume
Reduced secondary sexual characteristics
vas deferens present
^ LH,FSH (maybe v Testosterone)

What type of azoospermia does this represent?

A

Non-obstructive (Sperm production is not happening)

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9
Q

What congenital condition causes respiratory issues primarily but may also result in obstructive azoospermia?

A

Cystic fibrosis

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10
Q

Name two classes of drugs that may cause erectile dysfunction?

A

Beta-Blockers

Antidepressants

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11
Q

Why could thyroid disorders cause male infertility?

A

Decreases sexual function

Increases prolactin

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12
Q

What is the normal testicular volume in an adult?

A

12-25mls

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13
Q

What 5 things does Semen Analysis look for?

A 
Volume
Density
Motility
Progression
Morphology
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14
Q

TRUE/FALSE

The first bit of ejaculate has the most sperm?

A

TRUE

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15
Q

Plasma FSH is raised in what?

A

Testicular failure

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16
Q

When would you do Testosterone and LH levels in infertility?

A

If suspect androgen deficiency

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17
Q

Treatment for infertility

A

General advice- Sex 2-3/week, No alcohol/smoking, Low BMI, avoid chemicals and testes from getting too hot
Treat specific cause
Fertility treatment- ICSI or DI

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18
Q

IF within 3 years how successful is reversal of vasectomy?

A

75%

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19
Q

What is included under the umbrella term of assisted conception treatment?

A

Any treatment in which involves gametes outside the body

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20
Q

What is the condition for ACT?

A

Has to have a reasonable expectation of live birth

One partner has no biological child

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21
Q

How many cycles are couples offered of ACT?

A

3 cycles

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22
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Sex selection of embryos is illegal

Study These Flashcards
A

KINDA
It is illegal
but it is permitted if serious medical condition related to one gender

23
Q

What are the 4 reasons to refuse treatment?

Study These Flashcards
A

1- When its not legal
2- Issues with welfare of child
3- Reduced success rate
4-Increase risk harm

24
Q

What is the age limit in order to meet the criteria for ACT on the NHS?

Study These Flashcards
A

<40 at time of treatment

<41 at time of FET

25
How many cycles are paid for by the NHS if the women is aged 40-42
1 cycle
26
How long does the length of infertility and duration of relationship have to be in order to qualify for NHS funded treatement?
2 years
27
TRUE/FALSE | Smoking is not advised but you are able to access NHS funded fertility treatment even if you are smoking
FALSE Both parents have to be non-smoking for 3 months Breathylse before treatment
28
Single women seeking children are not currently funded on the NHS, why?
Not seen as infertility
29
Why is folic acid given to women who might conceive?
To reduce the risk of neural tube defects or anecepahalopathy
30
What are reasons for fertility preservation
Cancer Transgender Social reasons
31
What is the success rate of IVF?
35%
32
What would be indication for donor insemination?
Azzospermia/V low count Failed ICSI Genetic conditions Infective conditions
33
What is the pregnancy rate per cycle with donor insemination/
15%
34
How many children is a sperm donor able to father?
up to 10 families of children
35
TRUE/FASLE | Sperm donors in Scotland are completely anonymous and have no legal parenthood over the child
Are not the legal parent of the child | However they are not anonymous- at 18 the child has a right to find them
36
What are the 3 situations that you would use ICSI?
Severe male factor infertility Previous failed fertilisation with IVF PIGD
37
Where would you get sperm from for a sperm aspiration in obstructive and non-obstructive azoospermia?
Epididymis - if obstructive | Testicular tissue- if non-obstructive
38
TRUE/FALSE | ICSI has a higher success rate than IVF
FALSE | They both have a rate of 35%
39
if someone has a BBV what can be done in order to reduce the risk of transmission?
Can do sperm washing and then intra-uterine insemination
40
After how many cycles of IUI do you move onto IVF?
6 CYCLES
41
TRUE/FALSE | In stimulated cycle gonadotrophin during early follicular phase result in synchronised growth of all follicles
TRUE
42
In IVF how many follicles become dominant?
15
43
What are the 5 stages of IVF
``` 1-Downregulation 2-Ovarian stimulation 3-Oocyte collection 4-Fertilisation 5-Embryo transfer ```
44
What are the SE of down regulation as part of IVF?
Hot flushes/ Mood swings Nasal Irritation Headaches (as pushed into artificial menopause)
45
What is injected in IVF to cause ovarian stimulation?
HCG (mimics LH)
46
How long should there be semen abstinence prior to IVF?
72h but not 1 week+
47
At what stage are embryos transferred?
Blastocyst stage - day 5
48
What can be used as luteal support?
Progesterone suppositries
49
What drug can be used in PCOS to induce gonadotrophin release and stimulate ovulation?
Clomifene citrate
50
What is a serious complication of IVF?
Ovarian Hyper-Stimulation syndrome (OHSS)
51
Mild symptoms of OHSS
Abdo bloating and pain | Ovarian size <8cm
52
Severe symptoms of OHSS
``` Clinical ascites Oligouria Hyponatraemia Hypo-osmolarity Hyperkalaemia Hypoproteinuria ```
53
TRUE/FALSE | There is increased risk of ectopic pregnancy with IVF
TRUE | Incidence increase 2-3x with IVF
54
After what age does fertility start to decline?
28

ADELE-Repro Ramblings (21 decks)

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