Corticosteroids (inhaled)

Question 1

What is the generic and brand names of inhaled corticosteroids?

Answer 1

• Beclometasone (Clenil, Qvar)
• Budesonide (Pulmicort)
• Fluticasone (Flixonase)

Question 2

What is the method of action of inhaled corticosteroids?

Answer 2

• Pass through the plasma membrane and into the nucleus
• Modifies transcription of genes
• Pro-inflammatory interleukins, cytokines and chemokines are downregulated
• = ↓ mucosal inflammation, widens the airways, ↓ mucus secretion

Question 3

What are the indications for inhaled corticosteroids?

Answer 3

• Asthma – treat airway inflammation

* COPD – control symptoms and prevent exacerbations

Question 4

What are the contraindications for inhaled corticosteroids?

Answer 4

• COPD patients with a history of pneumonia

* Children – growth suppression

Question 5

What are the side effects of inhaled corticosteroids?

Answer 5

• Oral candidiasis
• Hoarse voice
• Pneumonia – in COPD

Question 6

Which organ eliminates inhaled corticosteroids?

Answer 6

?Liver

Question 7

What patient information should be given to a patient taking inhaled corticosteroids?

Answer 7

• Inhaler technique should be explained
• Importance of compliance should be emphasised
• Rinse mouth and gargle after using inhaler