Courtney Pine Flashcards by Tilly Farrands

What styles does Courtney Pine use?

Jazz, Soul, Blues, Reggae and hip.hop

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What instruments does Courtney play?

Saxophone
clarinet
flute
bass - clarinet
keyboard

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How is Inner State of Mind notated?

Staff notation with chord names

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(inner State) What is the key?

Dorian Cm

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(inner state) why is the performance material freely varied?

Improvisation nature

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(inner state) give the overall structure

motif
intro
verse
rap
verse
rap
link
verse
link
motif
instrumental
coda

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(inner state) what is the tempo throughout?

Quadruple time

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(inner state) Name four rhythmic devises used

Dotted rhythm riff
prominent syncopation
triplets
cross-rhythms

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(inner state) What is the recurring motif?

the two bar setting of ‘inner state of mind’

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(inner state) What is the line Eb-C called?

pentatonic line

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(inner state) how is it harmonised?

In 3rds, broadening out into a triad

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(inner state) Is the melody fragmented?

yes

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(inner state) How long do phrases last?

No more than 5 beats

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(inner state) how is the melody developed?

Blues notes and ornamentation

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(inner state) what is referenced in the melody line?

George Gershwin - Summertime

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(inner state) what do the notes E and Eb played together create?

Dissonance

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(inner state) What is the melodic interest of the rap section?

Interjections from the sax - second of which is pentatonic

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(inner state) How is the melody varied in verse 2?

Higher notes

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(inner state) What blues notes appears in the vocal parts?

Gb/Fsharp

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(inner state) what is the scat passage supported by?

slightly broader range of chords

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(inner state) how is the second rap[ section altered?

second bar of the riff is altered and more lyrical vocal line

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(inner state) What further changes in verse 3?

riff

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(inner state) name 4 melodic landmarks

frequent appearance of the motif
virtuoso sax solo - rapid scales
scat singing
concluding trill

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(inner state) what does the piece open with?

distorted and irrational sounds

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(inner state) name 5 of the range of textures

``` homophonic voices broken chord figure free counterpoint monophonic trill at close mel-dom-hom ```

(lady day) who's this song covering?

Gil Scott - Heron

(lady day) who is it a homage to?

Billie Holiday and John Coultrane

(lady day) what is the general style?

free jazz with hip-hop influences

(lady day) name 3 ways in which it differs from the original

shape of the vocal line instruments structure expansion

(lady day) what do the cross symbols indicate?

multiphonics and key clicks

(lady day) how is the pulse relaxed towards the end?

indication of freely

(lady day) what is the key

(lady day) what is the tonality based on?

12 bar blues

(lady day) what is the general structure?

``` intro verse 1 link verse 2 instrumental verse 1a coda (strict time) code (free time) ```

(lady day) what is the metre?

quadruple time

(lady day) what is the tempo?

160 crotchet bpm

(lady day) name the rhythmic devises

syncopation triplets sustained notes repetition

(lady day) describe the vocal part

syllabic with melisma at the end of phrases generally conjunct narrow range

(lady day) what is notable about the sax solo?

wide range chromatic scales ornamentation extended techniques

(lady day) what note is the extended chord sequence based on?

(lady day) what does the instrumental continue using?

extended chords

(lady day) what does it avoid?

the basic blues progression

(lady day) how is the coda indicated?

Dramatic semitonal shifts | repetitions of a direct progression and a slowing of the harmonic rhythm

(lady day) name the instruments used

``` voices horns keyboard drums sax dubbed voices ```

(lady day) what is the texture?

mel-dom-hom

(lady day) what provides close harmony?

horns

(lady day) what adds to the texture?

riff and vocal fills

(love and affection) who wrote the original?

Joan Armatrading

(love and affection) How is Pines version different from the original?

larger instrumental range extended end section improvisation and the presence of a new countermelody

(love and affection) what key does Pine open with then what does it settle into?

open in Csharp minor | settles into relative major of E

(love and affection) what is the general structure?

``` intro link developed intro further development bridge refrain instrumental refrain outro ```

(love and affection) what is the metre?

quadruple time

(love and affection) what is the tempo?

moderate - 86 crotchet bpm

(love and affection) name 4 rhythmic devises used

offbeat chords syncopation cross rhythms triplets

(love and affection) how are the opening vocals characterised?

rising conjunct figures ornamentation repetition

(love and affection) describe the vocal range

an octave

(love and affection) how is the bridge section enhanced?

repeated notes conjunct movements melisma blues notes

(love and affection) what are the strings playing in the final section?

recurring minor pentatonic line

(love and affection) what devises are used in the instrumental melody?

chromaticism blues notes slides

(love and affection) what's harmonically avoided early on?

extended chords and a sense of cadence

(love and affection) what are used more at the beginning?

minor chords

(love and affection) what dominates the song?

riff

(love and affection) describe the harmony of the bridge

rising triads chromatic descent false relation - B against Bb

(love and affection) what sound isn't used?

dubbed

(love and affection) what two textures are used?

mel-dom-hom | polyphony

(love and affection) what is the overall dynamic?

a crescendo | super soft at the beginning then gradually gets stronger

(love and affection) when are drums introduced?

bar 15

(Lady Day) What are the two main chords?

C7(sharp9), F7(sharp9)

(Lady Day) What's the chorus chord sequence?

Gm7, Fm7, Bb13, C7 (sharp9)

(Lady Day) Instrumental chord sequence

F9, G9, C7(sharp9)

(Inner State) What is the main chord sequence?

Cm7, Dm7,

(love and affection) What's the underlying bass riff/main chord sequence?

E, E/Gsharp, A, Badd4,

(love and affection) What are the contrasting chords of the middle 8?

A, B, Csharp minor

Summertime context

George Gershwin Porgy and Bess Lullaby sung by mother Clara to her baby

Why does my heart feel so bad context

1999 Moby electronica/dance

Why does my heart feel so bad structure

verse-chorus | alternating male and female samples

Why does my heart feel so bad electronic effects

``` sample from a gospel choir echo eg reverb synths drum machine sequencer ```

Why does my heart feel so bad harmony

verse 1: Am, Em, G, D | verse 2: C,Am and F,C

Why does my heart feel so bad texture

homophonic Thins out snare drum on beats 2 and 4

Why does my heart feel so bad rhythm

4/4 steady tempo syncopation accented backbeats

Miles Davis All Blues context

1959 | Modal Jazz

All Blues improv

no rehearsal | given the overall structure, basic chord sequence, main melodic idea and the mode/scale

All blues tonality/harmony

Gmajor with flattened 7th - modal feel 12 bar blues Jazz harmony e.g Gm7 and G7

All blues structure

Head arrangement

All blues texture

homophonic

All blues rhythm

``` swung quavers constant piano ostinato riffs subtle changes syncopation 6/4 = jazz waltz ```

All blues sonority

trumper - miles davis- muted- short and syncopated alto sax - wide range of notes and quick Tenor sax - fast scales piano - tremolo, simple

All blues melody

``` conjunct contrasting angular section ornamented repetitive built on riffs ```

comparisons

``` Omar - be thankful Roy Hargrove - Strasbourg Saint Denis The brand new heavies - Dream on Dreamer John Coltrane - Blue Train Moby - why does my heart feel so bad? Mile Davis - All Blue Alicia Keys and Jay Z - Empire State of Mind ```

Courtney Pine context

born 1964 combines jazz and popular music soprano plus tenor sax, flute and keyboard debut recording - 'journey to the urge within' 1986 = first jazz album to enter U.K top 40 OBE and CBE

Back In the Day context

2000 produced by him Lady day written by Gill Scott-Heran = homage to Billie Holiday and John Coltrane Love and Affection written by Joan Armatrading in 1976

Courtney Pine Flashcards

(91 cards)