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Familia Valera Miranda Flashcards

(56 cards)

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1
Q

where are the works from?

A

previous generations of the Valera Miranda family

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2
Q

where were they written?

A

Descarga sessions

improvised

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3
Q

what do the songs refer to?

A

incidents in the family history

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4
Q

(se quema) describe the plot

A

a plot of land caught fire and the wife wasn’t interested

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5
Q

(candela) describe the plot

A

a man falling deeply in love

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6
Q

what’s the african influence?

A

19th century slaves brought to Cuba by the Spanish

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7
Q

what’s cuban music a fusion of?

A

West African and European (spanish)

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8
Q

What are the African influences?

A

complex rhythms

call and response

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9
Q

What are the spanish influences?

A

tonality
melody and harmony
percussion mostly Cuban instruments e.g claves, bongos and congas

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10
Q

what was cuban music designed for?

A

dancing

rhythmic foundation provided by the claves

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11
Q

(se quema) how is the ‘son’ characteristic evident?

A

call and response
duple metre
2-3 son clave pattern
restriced harmonic vocabulary of tonic + dom.
instrumental passages break up strophic structure

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12
Q

(se quema) what are the performing forces?

A 
solo male voive (pregon)
male - voice chorus (coro)
cuatro
gutar
pizz double bass
maracas
bongos
claves
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13
Q

(se quema) what’s the texture?

A

mel-dom-hom

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14
Q

(se quema) where does rhythmic polyphony occur?

A

interaction between the cuatro, vocal parts and percussion

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15
Q

(se quema) what does the guitar provide?

A

chordal accompaniment

chords consisting of four and six notes

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16
Q

(se quema) what is the metre?

A

brisk duple time

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17
Q

(se quema) what is the prominent feature of the rhythm?

A

2-3 son clave rhythm in claves

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18
Q

(se quema) what notable rhythmic features are used?

A

constant quaver pulse in bongos
syncopation
vocal phrases begin on the second beat
every fourth bar marked by three-crotchet vocal rhythm
triplet crotchets in cuatro solo
cross-rhythmic effect by repeating three-quaver pattern

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19
Q

(se quema) what is the melody characterised by?

A

paired two-bar phrases

solo built from first six notes of Gm scale

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20
Q

(se quema) what are the two main vocal elements to the solo part?

A

lead vocals refrain

contrasting, more elaborate ‘narrative’ phrases

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21
Q

(se quema) what does the backing vocal always commence on?

A

mediant or supertonic

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22
Q

(se quema) what does the Cuatros opening material consist of?

A

balanced rising and falling phrases

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23
Q

(se quema) what does the cuatros extended solo feature?

Study These Flashcards
A

additional chromatic notes
broken dominant 7th patterns
leaps of minor 9th

24
Q

(se quema) what do the vocals consist of?

Study These Flashcards
A

only tonic and dominant 7ths (Gm + D7)

25
(se quema) describe the tonality
Gm
26
(se quema) does it modulate?
no
27
(se quema) describe the structure
alteration of pregon and coro with extended cuatro solo
28
(se quema) what ostinato is used?
guajeo
29
(se quema) what are the two chords used?
Gm | D7
30
(se quema) what's the coro?
chorus | male voices
31
(candela) what does Alla va Candela translate to?
there goes mr fire
32
(candela) what type of song is it?
Bolero-son
33
(candela) what's the characteristics of the Bolero?
about love quadruple time lyrical melody
34
(candela) describe the sonority
``` solo male voice chorus male-voice chorus cuatro guitar pizz double bass maracas bongos claves ```
35
(candela) what's the texture?
mel-dom-hom
36
(candela) what are the vocal parts confined to?
two-note octave interjections of 'mama'
37
(candela) what's the metre?
moderate quadruple time in Bolero then an acceleration into the 'son' section
38
(candela) what notable features are there in the rhythm?
``` flowing quavers in cuatro at opening syncopation vocal phrases begin with an anacrusis crotchet triplets in cuatro dotted rhythm in bass ```
39
(candela) what is the melody characterised by?
balanced phrasing melodies more flexible than 'se quema' prominent falling 5th at the close of phrases
40
(candela) how is the vocal melody characterised?
vocal lines built entirely from notes of E major scale | solo vocalist covers a 12th (B-Fsharp)
41
(candela) what represents a beating heart?
rapidly repeating notes
42
(candela) describe the introduction
cuatro broken chord tonic triad
43
(candela) describe the cuatro solo
chromatic notes chromatic scale repetitions ornamentation
44
(candela) what does the harmony draw on?
the tonic chord
45
(candela) what is the key?
E major
46
(candela) does it modulate?
no
47
(candela) what's a striking feature of the structure?
avoidance of a repeat of the opening bolero material
48
(candela) what are the two chords mostly used?
E and B7
49
(candela) chords briefly appear?
F sharp 7 E7 A
50
(chumbumba) What's the chord sequence?
Gm and D7
51
Koko-Yiri
``` starts monophonic with balanced phrasing heterophony and polyphony cross-rhythms,polyrhythms and syncopation modal with a pentatonic scale call and response and unison ostinato free time/unmetred learnt oraly ```
52
Gershwin Cuban overture and Copeland - Three Latin American sketches
``` pizz and arco strings classical orchestra rising figures accented notes quick rhythms dance style son clave rhythms clear sense of pulse repeated passed around orchestra dance style ```
53
Ladysmith Black Mambazo
``` call and response vibrato octaves simple melodies repetitive clapping contrapuntal melismatic almost spoken ```
54
Flamenco dancing
stamping to emphasise beat claps held movements dancers double melody
55
Context
during the 19th c. African slaves were brought to cuba | cuban music = dancing and listening
56
song context
Familia Valera Miranda early 20th c. origins = descarga - improv sessions incidents from families history

Music (19 decks)

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