Cranial Nerves

Question 1

what way do cranial nerves exit the brainstem

Answer 1

ventrally except CN IV

Question 2

what are most cranial nerves from and what matter

Answer 2

streaks of grey matter

Question 3

what are the components of cranial nerves

Answer 3

3 motor and 3 sensory

Question 4

what does each component of the cranial nerves arie from

Answer 4

streak orblob of grey matter in brain or brainstem

Question 5

what are the 3 motor components called

Answer 5

somatic motor (GSE)
Visceral motor (parasymp) (GVE)
Branchio motor (SVE)

Question 6

what is the meaning of somatic motor

Answer 6

in development segmented structures somites give rise to components of body

Question 7

what is the strutcure/function of somatic motor

Answer 7

skeletal muscle - somites (move eye and tongue)

Question 8

for somatic efferents how many grey blob nuclei are associated and cranial nerves

Answer 8

4 blobs

cranial nerves assc - 3,4,6 which move eye and 12 for moving tongue

Question 9

what are calliculi

Answer 9

bumps on back of midbrain assc with grey blob nuclei

Question 10

what happens to the trochlear root CN 4

Answer 10

at inf calliculus
goes to supply sup oblique
only CN to exit dorsally and crosses midline

Question 11

what si the periaqueductal grey matter important for

Answer 11

modulating pain perception

Question 12

what does the nuclei of the hypoglossal nerve like

Answer 12

long streak of grey matter running from lower pons thro medulla

Question 13

what does inferior olivary nucleus do

Answer 13

teach cerebellum to do new motor functions may be timing signals also

Question 14

wat does hypoglossal control

Answer 14

genioglossus, hypoglossus, styloglossus, intrinsic tongue muscles

Question 15

what happens when there is hypoglossal problems

Answer 15

hypoglossal palsy

Question 16

where do most cranial nerves come from

Answer 16

close to midline

Question 17

what are the structures/site of visceral motor (parasymp GVE)

Answer 17

glands and smooth muscle (head + thorax, GI tract)

Question 18

where are the nuclei for the parasymp GVE found

Answer 18

laterally to somatic efferents

Question 19

what si the edinger westphal nucleus

Answer 19

parasymp nucleus oculomotor literally at oculomotor nun innervate ciliary ganglion

Question 20

what does the sup salivary nucleus do

Answer 20

submand/ling/pterygopalatine parasymp control

Question 21

what does the inf salivary nucleus do

Answer 21

inv parotid via lesser petrosal form otic ganglion CN 9

Question 22

what ganglion does CN 7 go thro to supply salivary glands

Answer 22

geniculate ganglion

Question 23

what kind of nucleus is the dorsal nucleus of vagus

Answer 23

long streak nucleus covering much of the medulla

Question 24

what does the doral nucleus of the vagus do

Answer 24

parasymp to visceral cavities

glands and smooth muscle of viscera

Question 25

what is branchio motor structures/site

Answer 25

branchial arch musculature jaw, face, pharynx, larynx, head/shoulders

Question 26

hat are the cranial neves assc with branchio motor

Answer 26

``` V VII IX X XI ```

Question 27

what does V innervate

Answer 27

``` jaw muscles t.tymp t.palatini mylohyoid ABD ```

Question 28

what does VII inv

Answer 28

facial expression/stapedius

Question 29

what does IX inv

Answer 29

swllowing

Question 30

what does X inv

Answer 30

swallowing, palate up and talking

Question 31

what does XI palate inv

Answer 31

palate up and talking

Question 32

what is the nucleus ambiguus

Answer 32

long grey matter streak control other pharyngeal arch musculature

Question 33

what happens when open out back of brainstem

Answer 33

sensory more laterally placed and motor middle

Question 34

what are the somatic cranial nerves

Answer 34

3,4,6,12

Question 35

what re the parasymp GVE cranial nerves

Answer 35

3,7,9,10

Question 36

what are the branchiomotor SVE cranial nerves

Answer 36

5,7,9,10,11

Question 37

what kind of tract is croticospinal tract

Answer 37

bilateral inputs

Question 38

what re the 3 sensory components of cranial nerves

Answer 38

general sensation pain, touch, position special/general visceral sensation taste and input form organs special smell, vision, hearing

Question 39

what cranial nerve is mostly responsible for genrel sensation of pain touch and position

Answer 39

V nerve nuclei

Question 40

hat are the V sensory nuclei

Answer 40

mesencephalic principal spinal nucleus

Question 41

what does the mesencephalic nucleus do

Answer 41

proprioception info/jaw jerk

Question 42

what does the principal nucleus do

Answer 42

disc touch and vibration

Question 43

what does the spinal nucleus do

Answer 43

pain, temp - especially caudalis

Question 44

what is unique about mesenephlaic nucleus

Answer 44

sensory neurons in CNS

Question 45

what is th solitary nucleus

Answer 45

taste and visceral sensation

Question 46

what does the solitary nucleus supply

Answer 46

ant 2/3 tongue - CN VII post 1/3 tongue - CN IX epiglottis - CN X

Question 47

what si the commissural nuc

Answer 47

supply carotid sinus/body - CN IX aortic arch and viscera CNX

Question 48

what are the 3 complex cranial nerves

Answer 48

facial vagus glossopahrygeal

Question 49

what are the components of the facial neve

Answer 49

muscles facial exp sup salivary nuc- saliva parasymp solitary nuc- taste input spinal nuc

Question 50

what si the oddity of the facial nerve motor

Answer 50

leave nuc and wrap around another nun posterior and medial to it - abducens

Question 51

what are the 2 types of innervation from cortex to the muscle of facial exp

Answer 51

low portion face - cortical input from opposite side only | above eye level input bilateral

Question 52

what happens if there si a lesion in the lower motor neurone

Answer 52

bells palsy loss in upper and lower

Question 53

what is bells palsy

Answer 53

sided facial paralysis | lower motorneuone same side upper and lower

Question 54

what are components of glossophayrgeal

Answer 54

nun ambig parasymp inv from otic gang taste post 1/3 tongue visceral sensation to commisural

Question 55

what re components of vagus nerve

Answer 55

``` dorsal motor - parasymp nun ambig- branchiomotor solitary - taste commissural- visceral trigeminal spinal nuc ```