CS401A's Prelims: Comp. Sys. Architect. Module 02

Question 1

is a fact, figure, or information that is represented in a set of bits - ones and zeros.

Answer 1

Data,

Question 2

It is a name given to a specific kind of file.

Answer 2

File Type

Question 3

It is a unique file identifier and may be named by a human or a computer.

Answer 3

File Name

Question 4

It is a 1- to 4-letter character identifier for the specific file type.

Answer 4

File Extension

Question 5

It is a common identifier for file extension.

Answer 5

File Extension Icon

Question 6

It is a program associated with the file extension.

Answer 6

File Association

Question 7

It is a structure or layout of a computer file in terms of how data is contained and organized.

Answer 7

File Format

Question 8

It provides additional information about a certain item’s content.

Answer 8

Metadata

Question 9

These are setting associated with computer files that grant or deny certain right to how a user or the operating system can access that file.

Answer 9

File Attributes

Question 10

It allows a file to be read, but nothing can be written to the file or changed.

Answer 10

Read-only

Question 11

It tells Windows Backup to back up the file.

Answer 11

Archive

Question 12

It is a system file.

Answer 12

System

Question 13

It is a file that cannot be seen when doing a regular directory.

Answer 13

Hidden

Question 14

was originally developed as a standard by the ANSI.

Answer 14

American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII)

Question 15

has also defined 8-bit extensions to the original ASCII codes that provide various symbols, line shapes, and accented foreign letters for the additional 128 entries.

Answer 15

American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

Question 16

Its use is restricted mostly to IBM and IBM-compatible mainframe computers and terminals.

Answer 16

Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code

Question 17

supports approximately a million characters, using a combination of 8-bit, 16-bit, and 32-bit words.

Answer 17

Unicode

Question 18

16-bit code pages,
which allows space for about a million characters.

Answer 18

called planes,

Question 19

are images that are characterized using an image scanner, digital camera or mobile device, or video camera frame grabber.

images (e.g., photographs and paintings)

Answer 19

Bitmap objects

Question 20

are images made up of graphical shapes that can be defined geometrically.

graphical shapes (e.g., lines and curves)

Answer 20

Graphical objects

Question 21

was first developed by CompuServe in 1987 as a proprietary format that would allow users to store and exchange online bitmap images in 256 colors on different computing platforms.

Answer 21

Graphics Interchange Format (GIF)

Question 22

Now, it is extensively used on the Web due to its animated frame-by-frame images.

Answer 22

Graphics Interchange Format (GIF)

Question 23

Is the best known compressed alternative to GIF.

Answer 23

Portable Network Graphics (PNG)

Question 24

can store up to 48 bits of color per pixel and can store a transparency percentage value and a correction factor for the color in a monitor or printer.

Answer 24

PNG (Portable Network Graphics)

Question 25

employs a compression algorithm to reduce the amount of data stored and transmitted.

Answer 25

Joint Photographers Expert Group (JPEG)

Question 26

This algorithm reduces the image resolution under certain circumstances, particularly for sharp edges and lines.

Answer 26

Joint Photographers Expert Group (JPEG)

Question 27

are a result of a sequence of bitmap image frames.

Answer 27

Video images

Question 28

is determined by a codec or encoder/decoder algorithm referred to as a "container".

Answer 28

The video format

Question 29

serves as a superstructure to encode, decode, hold, and stream video.

Answer 29

The container

Question 30

that converts the analog value to a digital (binary) equivalent (consists of sampling, quantization, and encoding).

Answer 30

ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter)

Question 31

lays out of the analog signal in a graph.

Answer 31

Sampling

Question 32

layers the discrete signal in the analog signal with less margin of error.

Answer 32

Quantization

Question 33

converts discrete signals into highs (1) and lows (0), hence the binary equivalent of a time-bound discrete signal.

Answer 33

Encoding

Question 34

These are data types represented as interpretation from programming languages.

Answer 34

Internal Computer Data

Question 35

constant values (true/false)

Answer 35

Boolean

Question 36

alphanumeric character code

Answer 36

Char

Question 37

user-defined data type

Answer 37

Enumerated

Question 38

whole numbers (+ / -)

Answer 38

Integer

Question 39

numbers with a decimal portion

Answer 39

Real / Float

Question 40

compresses the data in such a way that the application of a matching inverse algorithm restores the compressed data exactly to its original form.

Answer 40

Lossless algorithm

Question 41

operates on the assumption that the user can accept a certain amount of data degradation as a trade-off for the savings in a critical resource.

Answer 41

Lossy algorithm