CSCI PART 1

Question 0

Input Unit is

Answer 0

The”receiving” section which obtains information (data and computer programs) from input devices and places it at the disposal of the other units so that it can be processed.

Question 1

Computer Organization Six key logical units are

Answer 1

• Input unit
• Output unit
• Memory unit (Memory)
• Arithmetic and logic unit (ALU) - Central processing unit (CPU) - Secondary storage unit

Question 2

Output Unit.

Answer 2

This “shipping” section takes information that the computer has processed and places it on various output devices to make it available for use outside the comput

Question 3

Central Processing Unit

Answer 3

Central Processing Unit (CPU).
—— This “administrative” section coordinates and supervises the operation of the other sections.

Question 4

Apple Computers popularized personal
computing in what year

Answer 4

1977

Question 5

• 1981 IBM Personal Computers legitimized personal computing in

Answer 5

business,industry, and government organization
- Local area networks (LANS)
- World wide Web

Question 6

Three types of Programming Languages

Answer 6

Machine languages

Assembly languages

High-level languages

Question 7

Machine Languages.(object code)

Answer 7

Only language can be understood by Computers

Example:
- 0100100111110001110…… - 1101001100000011111……

Question 8

Assembly languages.
•

Answer 8

Use the English-like abbreviations to represent elementary operations
•
Example: basepay, overtimepay —> grosspay
load basepay add overtimepay store grosspay

Question 9

C++ systems consists of:

Answer 9

• a program development environment (Visual C++ 2008 IDE)
• C++ language
• C++ standard library

Question 10

What are the 6 phases in C++ Development Environment

Answer 10

Editing
Programmer
Preprocessing
Preprocessor
Compiling
Compiler
Linking
linker
Loading
loader
Executing CPU

Question 11

1.1 Fill in the blanks in each of the following:
a) The company that popularized personal computing was

Answer 11

Apple

Question 12

b) The computer that made personal computing legitimate in business and industry was
the .

Answer 12

IBM personal computer

Question 13

c) Computers process data under the control of sets of instructions called computer

Answer 13

Programs

Question 14

d) The six key logical units of the computer are the , , , , andthe .

Answer 14

ANS: input unit, output unit, memory unit, arithmetic and logic unit, central processing unit, secondary storage unit.

Question 15

e) The three types of languages discussed in the chapter are , , and .

Answer 15

ANS: machine languages, assembly languages, high-level languages.

Question 16

f) The programs that translate high-level language programs into machine language are
called .

Answer 16

ANS: compilers.

Question 17

g) C is widely known as the development language of the operating system.

Answer 17

ANS: UNIX.

Question 18

h) The language was developed by Wirth for teaching structured program-
ming.

Answer 18

ANS: Pascal.

Question 19

i) The Department of Defense developed the Ada language with a capability called , which allows programmers to specify that many activities can proceed in
parallel.

Answer 19

ANS: multitasking.

Question 20

j)
, or labeling content, is another key part of the collaborative theme of Web
2.0.

Answer 20

ANS: Tagging.

Question 21

k) With Internet applications, the desktop evolves to the .

Answer 21

ANS: webtop.

Question 22

l) involves reworking code to make it clearer and easier to maintain while pre-
serving its functionality.

Answer 22

ANS: Refactoring.

Question 23

m) With development, individuals and companies contribute their efforts in de-
veloping, maintaining and evolving software in exchange for the right to use that soft-
ware for their own purposes, typically at no charge.

Answer 23

ANS: opensource.

Question 24

n) are used to match specific character patterns in text. They can be used to val- idate data to ensure that it is in a particular format, to replace parts of one string with another, or to split a string.

Answer 24

ANS: Regularexpressions.

Question 25

a) C++ programs are normally typed into a computer using a(n) program.

Answer 25

ANS: editor.

Question 26

b) In a C++ system, a(n) program executes before the compiler’s translation phase begins.

Answer 26

ANS: preprocessor.

Question 27

c) The program combines the output of the compiler with various library functions to produce an executable program.

Answer 27

ANS: linker.

Question 28

d) The program transfers the executable program from disk to memory.

Answer 28

ANS: loader.

Question 29

Categorize each of the following items as either hardware or software: a) CPU is a

Answer 29

ANS: hardware.

Question 30

b) C++ compiler ANS: .

Answer 30

software

Question 31

c) ALU

Answer 31

ANS: hardware.

Question 32

d) C++ preprocessor

Answer 32

ANS: software.

Question 33

e) input unit

Answer 33

ANS: hardware.

Question 34

f) an editor program

Answer 34

ANS: software.

Question 35

1. 6 Fill in the blanks in each of the following statements: | a) Which logical unit of the computer receives information from outside the computer for use by the computer? .

Answer 35

ANS: inputunit.

Question 36

b) The process of instructing the computer to solve specific problems is called .

Answer 36

ANS: computerprogramming.

Question 37

c) What type of computer language uses English-like abbreviations for machine language instructions? .

Answer 37

ANS: assemblylanguage.

Question 38

d) Which logical unit of the computer sends information that has already been processed by the computer to various devices so that the information may be used outside the computer? .

Answer 38

ANS: output-unit.

Question 39

e) Which logical units of the computer retain information? .

Answer 39

ANS: memoryunitandsecondarystorageunit.

Question 40

f) Which logical unit of the computer performs calculations?

Answer 40

ANS: arithmeticandlogicalunit.

Question 41

g) Which logical unit of the computer makes logical decisions?

Answer 41

ANS: arithmetic and logical unit.

Question 42

h) The level of computer language most convenient to the programmer for writing pro- grams quickly and easily is .

Answer 42

ANS: high-levellanguage.

Question 43

i) The only language that a computer directly understands is called that computer's .

Answer 43

ANS: machine language.

Question 44

j) Which logical unit of the computer coordinates the activities of all the other logical units? .

Answer 44

ANS: central processing unit.

Question 45

Distinguish between the terms fatal error and nonfatal error. Why might you prefer to ex- perience a fatal error rather than a nonfatal error?

Answer 45

ANS: Afatalerrorcausesaprogramtoterminateprematurely.Anonfatalerroroccurswhen the logic of the program is incorrect, and the program does not work properly. A fatal error is preferred for debugging purposes. A fatal error immediately lets you know there is a problem with the program, whereas a nonfatal error can be subtle and pos- sibly go undetected.