CV 3 Flashcards
first line tx for hyperlipidemia is
lifestyle changes
if patient has markedly high trigs (500 or higher), priority is to
lower trigs due to increased risk of acute pancreatitis
HLD - for adults at higher CV risks, lipid screening f/u in males and females should occur when
males ages 25-30
females 30-35
HLD - for adults at lower CV risk, it is suggested to perform f/u lipid screening when
males at 35
females at 45
USPSTF recommends initiating a statin in adults when
age 40-75 who have one or more CVD risk factor (e.g. dyslipidemia, dm, HTN) and an est 10 year CVD risk of 10% or more
total cholesteraol normal value
<200
HDL normal values - men, women
> 40 men
50 women
what HDL value is associated with lower risk for HD
> 60
HDL < 40
associated with increased risk of CAD even if normal LDL or cholesterol; genetic causes are probably the most common reason for low HDL
LDL optimal number
<100
trigs normal level
<150
avoid alcohol in very high trigs because it can precipitate what
acute pancreatitis
for moderate hypertriglyceridemia (fasting trigs 150-499) add what
omega 3 fatty acid therapy for patients with high ASCVD risk
for mod to severe hypertriglyceridemia (500-900) add what
omega 3 fatty acid therapy and fibrate therapy
what 3 med classes can help lower trigs
statins
fibrates
omega 3 fatty acids
first line tx for HTN
lifestyle and dietary changes
enzyme in the liver responsible for cholesterol synthesis
HMG-CoA reductase
statins function
inhibit the enzyme HMG-CoA in the liver which results in decreased lipoprotein production
check baseline what before starting statin
liver function
reduces production of trigs by the liver and increases production of HDL
fibrates
which statins should you avoid grapefruit on
2
simvastatin
lovastatin
HTN is defined as
BP above 130/80
patients with CKD, BP goal is
130/80
patients with DM - initiate htn tx when, goal is what
initiate if BP 130/80 or higher
goal <130/<80
