CV 4 Flashcards
(38 cards)
HTN dx is confirmed if
SBP 130 or more
OR
DBP 80 or more
must have 3 times this is elevated over a period of time
HTN macrovascular damage - pulses
decreased or absent peripheral pulses PAD
coarctation of the aorta BP findings
SBP will be higher in the arms than legs with a bound pulse; SBP on the legs will be lower, and the pulses will be weaker, look for diminished femoral pulses
HTN - first line therapy if they also have CKD with proteinuria
ACEI or ARB
primary hyperaldosteronism aka
conn syndrome
primary hyperaldosteronism/conn syndrome - s/sx
HTN with hypokalemia is usually the only sign of this condition (d/t urinary K wasting); normal to elevated Na levels
HTN urgency is defined as
SBP >180 and/or DBP >120 without target organ damage
orthostatic hypotension is diagnosed if
reduction of 20 or more in SBP and/or reduction of 10 or more in DBP
in isolated systolic HTN in older adults, which medications are preferred
2
low dose thiazide diuretics or CCB
HTN - lost weight if BMI is
over 25
HTN w/ DM recommended drug classes
4
ACEI
ARB
thiazide diuretics
CCB
HTN w/ CKD rec drug classes
2
ACEI
ARB
HTN w/ HFrEF rec drug classes
5
diuretics
ARNI
ACEI
ARB
BB
HTN w/ post acute myocardial infarction recommended drug class
3
BB
ACEI
aldosterone
classic finding for MVP
mid systolic or non-ejection click w/ late systolic or holosystolic murmur
best dx test for MVP
3D TTE
MVP lifestyle changes
avoid caffeine and stimulants, alcohol, cigarettes; aerobic exercise training; reduce stress
MVP w/ palpitations can be treated with
BBs
PAD
gradual (decades) narrowing and/or occlusion of medium-to-large arteries in the lower extremities
gradual (decades) narrowing and/or occlusion of medium-to-large arteries in the lower extremities
PAD
intermittent claudication
worsening pain on ambulation that is instantly relieved by rest
intermittent claudication is a sign of
PAD
PAD skin changes
atrophic skin changes; some have skin discoloration/gangrene on one or more toes or a nonhealing wound/ulcer; shiny and hyperpigmented ankles; hairless; cool to touch
PAD CV findings
3
- decreased to absent dorsal pedal pulse
- increased cap refill time
- bruits over partially blocked arteries
