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Cytology Lab 1 Flashcards

(76 cards)

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1
Q

The two most common LM stains are

A
  1. ) Hematoxalyn (blue)

2. ) Eosin (Red)

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2
Q

What had a thinner section, LM or EM?

A

EM

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3
Q

What is the theoretical limit of resolution for LM?

A

0.20 um

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4
Q

What is the theoretical limit of resolution for EM?

A

0.2-0.5 nm

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5
Q

A barrier between two aqueous compartments made up of choesterol, glycolipids, phospholipids, and proteins

A

Plasma membrane

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6
Q

Associated with nuclear lamins

A

Inner nuclear membrane

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7
Q

Continuous with endoplasmic reticulum. Can not distinguish a double membrane in LM

A

Outer nuclear membrane

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8
Q

We can not see mitochondria under LM using an

A

H and E stain

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9
Q

The golgi will appear with what type of stain?

A

Silver stain

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10
Q

With an H and E stain, the golgi is?

A

Unstained (will be a white region near nucleus)

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11
Q

Structures in the cytoplasm that are formed from the metbolic products of the cell

-non-living components of the cell

A

Inclusions (Glycogen, Lipids, Pigment granules)

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12
Q

The only inclusion with a membrane is the

A

Pigment granules

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13
Q

Membrane bound packets of stored products which have gone through the biosynthetic pathway

A

Secretory Granules

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14
Q

Cells storing many granules are indicative of

A

Regulated secretion

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15
Q

Light vacuolated appearance is indicative of

A

SER and Lipid Droplets

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16
Q

We can not see the cytoskeleton under

A

LM

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17
Q

Form the structural basis of microvilli, sterocilia, and adherent junctions

A

Actin

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18
Q

Involved in the intracellular trafficking of vesicles

A

Microtubules

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19
Q

Provide mechanical support for the cell

A

Intermediate filaments

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20
Q

Under LM, the RER stains

A

Blue

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21
Q

Lines all surfaces (external and internal) is avascular, and is highly cellular

A

Epithelium

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22
Q

Forms the parenchyma (secretory portion) of

exocrine and endocrine glands

A

Epithelium

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23
Q

Functions in protection and regulation of water and nutrient uptake

A

Apical plasma membrane

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24
Q

Which part of the epithelium provides protection to underlying connective tissue?

A

Skin

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25
If the epithelium has one layer it is classified as
Simple
26
If the epithelium has two or more layers it is classified as
Stratified
27
Stratified in appearance, however, surface cells can be dome shaped or flat and the nuclei are ROUNDED in appearance
Transitional epithelium
28
All cells rest on the basement membrane, but not all cells reach the luminal surface -Cell surface modifications (Cilia and Stereocilia) are ALWAYS present
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
29
If present, should be included in the classification of | epithelial tissue.
Surface modifications and Goblet cells
30
Supports the tissue and forms the boundary between epithelium and connective tissue
Basement membrane or Basal Lamina
31
Line blood vessels and ventricles and atria of the heart
Simple Squamous epithelium
32
Simple squamous epithelium function in
Fluid transport, gas exchange, and lubrication
33
Located mainly in ducts of glands, covering of ovaries, and kidney tubules. Functions in secretion, absorption, and protection
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
34
Wine glass shaped cell filled with mucus droplets (glycoprotein) which are secreted and function to lubricate luminal surface
Goblet Cell
35
Stratified epithelium is identified by the layer that is
Closest to surface of lumen
36
We NEVER find cilia or sterocilia at the cell surface of
Stratified epithelium
37
In keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, the cell layer closest to the lumen lack
Nuclei
38
Located in the ducts of sweat glands
Stratified cuboidal epithelium
39
Will ALWAYS have a surface modification such as cilia or sterocilia
Pseudostratified Epithelium
40
Do pseudostratified squamous and pseudostratified cuboidal epithelium exist?
No
41
Invaginations of the plasma membrane in transitional epithelium that play an important role in the permeability barrier
Unit Membrane (UM)
42
Maintains selective passage of substances from one side of the epithelium to the other
Tight Junction
43
Secretes its product via ducts to the surface
Exocrine Glands
44
Secretes product directly into blood stream via fenestrated capillaries and lymphatic vessels
Endocrine glands
45
Composed of relatively few cells and a relatively large amount of intercellular material
Connective tissue (Stroma)
46
The ECM is made up of which two components?
Fibers and ground substance
47
Produces both the fibers and the ground substance -Principal cell of connective tissue
Fibroblast
48
Mostly collagen with just a little elastic tissue -Connect muscle to bone
Tendons
49
Collagen, but with more elastic fibers since we want it to stretch and return to original shape -Connects bone to bone
Ligaments
50
Coarser collagen bundles are used for
Tendons and Ligaments
51
Surround individual muscle cells, nerve fibers, and supporting lymphoid tissues
Fine Reticular Fibers
52
Fibers are less common and a highly hydrated ground substance predominates
Loose connective tissue
53
The polyanionic properties of ground substance enable it to hold Na+ ions and water in the connective tissue and thus
Resist compression
54
Have a significant influence on the passage of materials across connective tissue
Glycosaminoglycans
55
Provides storage of substances (mostly triglycerides) that can be metabolized to produce energy
White adipose tissue
56
Functions in thermogenesis
Brown adipose tissue
57
White blood cells are found in
Connective tissue
58
Have a great capacity to proliferate in response to | injury. Thus connective tissues usually heal well after injury
Fibroblasts and Mesenchymal cells
59
The dead components of connective tissues are degraded by
Macrophages
60
What are the three types of cells that reside in CT?
Fibroblasts, adipocytes, WBCs, and mesenchymal cells
61
Has a well developd RER and golgi and a long, tapered nucleus -secretes ECM
Fibroblast
62
Undifferentiated cells that retain the potential to develop into fibroblasts
Mesenchymal cells
63
Found scattered throughout loose CT -not membrane bound
Adipocyte
64
Has darker pink staining due to increased collagen bundles
Dense CT
65
All collagen bundles run in the same direction in
Dense Regular CT
66
Collagen bundles run in all different directions in
Dense Irregular CT
67
Easy to distinguish because they contain numerous secretory granules
Mast cells
68
Usually a small cell, mostly nucleus with a rim of cytoplasm -large collections found in lamina propria
Lymphocyte
69
Have extensive RERs and their nuclei tend to be shifted towards one side
Plasma Cells
70
Tendons and Ligaments are made up of which type of CT?
Dense regular
71
The dermis of the skin is made up of which type of CT?
Dense irregular
72
Reticular fibers (type III collagen) are found in
Lymph nodes
73
Macrophages contain many
Lysosomes
74
Contains numerous fat droplets of varying sizes -Nucleus is rounded
Brown fat
75
A specialized white blood cell that leaves the circulation to function in phagocytosis and respond to parasitic infections
Eosinophils
76
Most common monocyte -Functions in phagocytosis
Neutrophil

BMS (62 decks)

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