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Paper 21A: Medieval Welsh > Dadolwch Vryen Vocabulary > Flashcards

Dadolwch Vryen Vocabulary Flashcards

(80 cards)

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1
Q

Dadolwch Vryen l. 1
Lleuuyd

A

Chief
(Masculine noun)
(NB: Williams notes that it could also refer to the area, a compound with lleu ‘fair’, meaning ‘blessed land’.)

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2
Q

Dadolwch Vryen l. 1
Echassaf

A

Most valiant
(Superlative adjective)

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3
Q

Dadolwch Vryen l. 1
Mi ny’w dirmygaf

A

I will not slight him
(1st singular present/future indicative)

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4
Q

Dadolwch Vryen l. 2, 7
Gyrchaf

A

I make for
(1st singular present indicative)
(Lenited from ‘cyrchaf’; preceded by preverbal article ‘a’.)

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5
Q

Dadolwch Vryen l. 2
Idaw

A

To him
(Compound preposition)

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6
Q

Dadolwch Vryen l. 2
Ganaf

A

I sing
(1st singular present indicative)
(Lenited from ‘canaf’; preceded by preverbal particle ‘yt’.)

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7
Q

Dadolwch Vryen l. 3
Pan

A

When
(Conjunction)

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8
Q

Dadolwch Vryen l. 3
Del

A

Comes
(3rd singular present subjunctive of ‘dyuot’.)
(NB: The subjunctive is implied by the preceding ‘pan’.)

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9
Q

Dadolwch Vryen l. 3
Vygwaessaf

A

My warrant
(Masculine noun)
(Spirant mutation from ‘gwaessaf’; preceded by 1st singular possessive pronoun.)

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10
Q

Dadolwch Vryen l. 3
Kynnwys

A

Welcome
(Masculine noun)

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11
Q

Dadolwch Vryen l. 3
Gaffaf

A

I will have
(1st singular present/future indicative)
(Lenited from ‘caffaf’; preceded by preverbal article ‘a’.)

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12
Q

Dadolwch Vryen l. 4
Parth

A

Region
(Masculine and feminine noun)

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13
Q

Dadolwch Vryen l. 4
Goreuhaf

A

Best
(Superlative adjective)

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14
Q

Dadolwch Vryen l. 4
Ydan

A

Under
(Compound preposition)

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15
Q

Dadolwch Vryen l. 4
Eilassaf

A

Foremost chieftain
(Superlative adjective as noun)

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16
Q

Dadolwch Vryen l. 5
Nyt mawr

A

Not much
(Adjective)

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17
Q

Dadolwch Vryen l. 5
Dawr

A

Matters to
(3rd singular present indicative)

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18
Q

Dadolwch Vryen l. 5
Byth

A

Always; ever
(Adverb)

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19
Q

Dadolwch Vryen l. 5
Gweheleith

A

Princes
(Plural masculine noun)
(NB: Williams suggests amending to ‘gwehelith’, a near-identical word, to match the internal rhyme.)

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20
Q

Dadolwch Vryen l. 5
Welaf

A

I see
(1st singular present indicative)
(Lenited from ‘gwelaf’; preceded by preverbal article ‘a’.)

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21
Q

Dadolwch Vryen l. 6
Nyt af

A

I do not go
(1 singular present/future indicative of ‘mynet’)

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22
Q

Dadolwch Vryen l. 6
Attudunt

A

To them
(Compound preposition)

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23
Q

Dadolwch Vryen l. 6
Ganthunt

A

With them
(Compound preposition)

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24
Q

Dadolwch Vryen l. 6
Ny bydaf

A

I will not be
(1st singular present/future indicative of ‘bot’)

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25
Dadolwch Vryen l. 7 Gogled
The North (Masculine noun)
26
Dadolwch Vryen l. 7 Meiteyrned
Mighty/petty kings (Plural masculine noun) (NB: Read as 'mechteyrnedd'; could be translated as 'mighty kings', following Ifor Williams, or as a compound noun with 'mech' as a lenited 'bach', so 'small, petty'. This makes more sense given that Taliesin will not go to them.)
27
Dadolwch Vryen l. 8, 18 Kyn
Although; before (in time)
28
Dadolwch Vryen l. 8 Pei
It were (3rd singular imperfect subjunctive) (NB: The imperfect mood is supplied by the preceding 'kyn'.)
29
Dadolwch Vryen l. 8 Lawered
Much (Masculine noun) (Lenited from 'llawered'; preceded by 'am' [even though this is the preverbal particle and 1st singular infixed pronoun].)
30
Dadolwch Vryen l. 8 Gwnelwn
I would have made (1st singular imperfect subjunctive of 'gwneuthur')
31
Dadolwch Vryen l. 8 Gyghwystled
Wager (Feminine noun)
32
Dadolwch Vryen l. 9 Nyt reit
It is not right (Adjective [implied copula])
33
Dadolwch Vryen l. 9 Hoffed
Boast (Masculine noun)
34
Dadolwch Vryen l. 9 Ny'm gomed
Will not refuse me (3rd singular present indicative)
35
Dadolwch Vryen l. 10 Lloyfenyd
Llwyfenydd (Proper noun)
36
Dadolwch Vryen ll. 10, 20 Tired
Lands (Plural masculine noun) (NB: This should be lenited due to the irregular copula construction, but it is not.)
37
Dadolwch Vryen l. 10 ff. Ys meu
Mine is/are (Pronoun + copula)
38
Dadolwch Vryen l. 10 Reufed
Wealth; riches (Masculine noun)
39
Dadolwch Vryen l. 11 Gwyled
Courtesy (Masculine noun)
40
Dadolwch Vryen l. 11 Llared
Generosity (Masculine noun)
41
Dadolwch Vryen l. 12 Delideu
?Feasts (Meaning unclear)
42
Dadolwch Vryen l. 12 Gorefrasseu
Luxuries (Plural masculine noun)
43
Dadolwch Vryen l. 13 Med
Mead (Masculine noun)
44
Dadolwch Vryen l. 13 Vualeu
Drinking horns (Plural masculine noun) (NB: Derived from the word for 'wild ox, bison'; the drinking vessel would be made from the horn of the animal.)
45
Dadolwch Vryen l. 13 Da
Wealth (Adjective for noun)
46
Dadolwch Vryen l. 13 Dieisseu
Without want (Adjective)
47
Dadolwch Vryen l. 14 Gan
With; from (Preposition)
48
Dadolwch Vryen l. 14 Teyrn
Ruler (Masculine noun)
49
Dadolwch Vryen l. 14 Goreu
Greatest (Superlative adjective)
50
Dadolwch Vryen ll. 14, 19 Haelaf
Most generous (Superlative adjective)
51
Dadolwch Vryen l. 14 Rygigleu
That I've heard of (Perfective preverbal particle 'ry' + 1st singular preterite) (Lenited from 'cigleu'; preceded by preverbal particle 'ry'.)
52
Dadolwch Vryen l. 15 Teyrned
Kings (Plural masculine noun)
53
Dadolwch Vryen l. 15 Pop ieith
Every nation (Feminine noun)
54
Dadolwch Vryen l. 15 It
To you (Compound preposition) (NB: Read 'itti', perhaps? Could also be a form of the preverbal particle.)
55
Dadolwch Vryen l. 15 Oll
All (Pronoun)
56
Dadolwch Vryen l. 15 Ynt
Are (3rd plural present indicative)
57
Dadolwch Vryen l. 15 Geith
Captive (Adjective) (Lenited from 'ceith'; preceded directly by verb.)
58
Dadolwch Vryen l. 16 Ragot
Because of you (Compound preposition)
59
Dadolwch Vryen l. 16 Gwynir
People lament (Impersonal present indicative)
60
Dadolwch Vryen l. 16 Dir
Necessary (Adjective)
61
Dadolwch Vryen l. 16 Oleith
To elude (Verbal noun) (Lenited from 'goleith'; preceded by 2nd singular pronoun 'dy'.)
62
Dadolwch Vryen l. 17 Kyt
Although
63
Dadolwch Vryen l. 17 Mynasswn
I had wished (1st singular pluperfect)
64
Dadolwch Vryen l. 17 Gweyhelu henwn
[To throw] twigs at an old man (?Verbal noun + composite masculine noun) (NB: Idiomatically meaning 'to jest/jibe at the king'.)
65
Dadolwch Vryen l. 18 Nyt oed
There was not (3rd singular preterite)
66
Dadolwch Vryen l. 18 Well
Better one (Comparative adjective as noun) (Lenited from 'gwell'; preceded directly by verb.)
67
Dadolwch Vryen l. 18 A gerwn
Whom I loved (Relative particle + 1st singular imperfect indicative)
68
Dadolwch Vryen l. 18 Gwybydwn
I knew (1st singular imperfect indicative) (NB: The preceding 'ys' is not a copula, but instead 3rd singular infixed pronoun. So '...him'.)
69
Dadolwch Vryen l. 19 Weithon
Now (Adverb)
70
Dadolwch Vryen l. 19 Gwelaf
I see (1st singular present indicative)
71
Dadolwch Vryen l. 19 Meint
How much (Masculine and feminine noun)
72
Dadolwch Vryen l. 19 Gaffaf
I have (1st singular present indicative)
73
Dadolwch Vryen l. 19 Namyn
Except for (Preposition)
74
Dadolwch Vryen l. 19 Vchaf
Supreme (Superlative adjective)
75
Dadolwch Vryen l. 19 Ny's dioferaf
I will not renounce him (1st singular present indicative)
76
Dadolwch Vryen l. 19 Teyrn veibon
Princely sons (Noun as adjective + plural masculine noun) (Lenited from 'meibon'; irregular genitive construction.) (NB: 'Teyrn' as adjective is odd, but we know that it must be because 'veibon' is lenited.)
77
Dadolwch Vryen l. 19 Dynedon
People (Plural masculine and feminine noun)
78
Dadolwch Vryen l. 20 Wy Kanan
They sing (3rd singular present indicative) (NB: The 't' is not spelled at the end of the verb; this is because the 't' was often dropped in speech.) (NB: The 3rd plural pronoun is in a reduced form.)
79
Dadolwch Vryen l. 20 Hyscyrron
Branches; songs (Plural masculine noun) (Meaning unclear. Ifor Williams suggests the plural of yscwrr, 'branch'.)
80
Dadolwch Vryen l. 20 Galon
Enemies (Masculine noun) (NB: Grammatically singular, but translated as plural.) (NB: Not lenited as the pronoun 'eu' does not cause lenition.)

Paper 21A: Medieval Welsh (17 decks)

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