deck_2120929 Flashcards
Pathway of air from nose to lungs
Nose (nares) –> Nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses –> Pharynx (adenoids & tonsils) –> Larynx (epiglottis) –> Trachea –> Bronchi –> Bronchioles –> Alveoli –> Lung capillaries (bloodstream)
Adenoids
lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx; pharyngeal tonsils
Alveolus (pl. alveoli)
air sac in the lung
Apex of the lung
tip or uppermost portion of the lung; apical
Base of the lung
lower portion of the lung; basilar
Bronchioles
smallest branches of the bronchi, terminal bronchioles lead to alveolar ducts
Bronchus (pl. bronchi)
Branch of the trachea (windpipe) that is a passageway into the lung; bronchial tube
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Gas produced by body cells when oxygen and carbon atoms from food combine; exhaled through lungs
Cilia
Thin hairs attached to the mucous membrane epithelium lining the respiratory tract. They clear bacteria and foreign substances from the lung.
Diaphragm
Muscle separating the chest and abdomen; it contracts to pull air into the lungs and relaxes to push air out
Epiglottis
Lid-like piece of cartilage that covers the larynx preventing food from entering the larynx and trachea during swallowing
Expiration
Breathing out (exhalation)
Glottis
Slit-like opening to the larynx
Hilum of the lung
Midline region where the bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves enter and exit the lungs; hilar
Inspiration
Breathing in (inhalation)
Larynx
Voice box; containing the vocal cords
Lobe
Division of a lung
Mediastinum
Region between the lungs in the chest cavity. It contains the trachea, heart, lymph nodes, aorta, esophagus, and bronchial tubes.
Nares
Openings through the nose carrying air into the nasal cavities
Oxygen (O2)
Gas that makes up 21 percent of air. It passes into the bloodstream at the lungs and travels to all body cells.
Palatine tonsil
One of a pair of almond-shaped masses of lymphatic tissue in the oropharynx (palatine means pertaining to the roof of the mouth)
Paranasal sinus
One of the air cavities in the bones near the nose
Parietal pleura
Outer layer of pleura lying closer to the ribs and chest wall
Pharynx
Throat; including the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx
Pleura
Double-layered membrane surrounding each lung
Pleural cavity
Space between the folds of the pleura
Pulmonary parenchyma
Essential parts of the lung, responsible for respiration; bronchioles and alveoli
Respiration
Process of moving air into and out of the lungs; breathing
Trachea
Windpipe
Visceral pleura
Inner layer of pleura lying closer to the lung tissue
Adenoid/o
adenoids
Alveol/o
alveolus, air sac
Bronch/oBronchi/o
bronchial tube, bronchus
Bronchiol/o
bronchiole, small bronchus
Capn/o
carbon dioxide
Coni/o
dust
Cyan/o
blue
Epiglott/o
epiglottis
Laryng/o
larynx, voice box
Lob/o
lobe of the lung
Mediastin/o
mediastinum
Nas/o
nose
Orth/o
straight, upright
Ox/o
oxygen
Pector/o
chest
Pharyng/o
pharynx, throat
Phon/o
voice
Phren/o
diaphragm
Pleur/o
pleura
Pneum/oPneumon/o
air, lung
Pulmon/o
lung
Rhin/o
nose
Sinus/o
sinus, cavity
Spir/o
breathing
Tel/o
complete
Thorac/o
chest