DEF Flashcards
(18 cards)
- What are the main problems for tps in mid-hills are /Effects of mountain on Ops?
(TOLI-COCUM²) 10
(a) Trn favours the defence as oppose to offensive Ops
(b) Ops across cross country will be slow and difficult for man and AT.
(c) Local resources are limited and non-existence.
(d) Infantry is decisive arm. Other sp arms esp arty and armour are restricted.
(e) Comn are blocked by hy rainfalls which may cause landslides.
(f) Often large areas wo sufficient water supply are encountered in dry season.
(g) Crest are reqd for obs.
(h) Undue difficulties occur in construction of roads including bridges over rivers and streams.
(i) Mov from one hill/valle to another is slow and difficult.
(j) Mechanical tpt is confined to roads. There are few dispersal and gun areas.
- What are factors affecting defense in mid hills/ Plg factors that should be considered before conducting def ops in hills? (3DIL) 5
(a) Dominating grnd gives the defender good obsn and field of fire which are denied to the attker. It also provides the defender with mutually supporting posns.
(b) Due to unavailability of mechanical digging plant and nature of grnd, more time is needed for prep and organization of posns.
(c) Delaying action is particularly effective because of scarcity of routes and the ease with which they can be dominated.
(d) It is comparatively easy to conceal tps in the hilly trn and to deceive en about str and disposn.
(e) Lack of mobility and the need to hold dominating grnd will normally dictate the choice of positional rather than mobile def.
- It is essential to occupy dominating grnd; difficulty lies in deciding how much of it to hold.
What are the guidelines apply? (High Grnd³ - LA - Method) 6
(a) High grnd dominating and on either flk of the main axis must be held.
(b) Appchs to this high grnd must be covered by fire.
(c) High grnd which will provide en with obsn, dominating or overlooking the main posn, should be held or neutralized.
(d) Likely out flanking routes should also be covered by fire.
(e) Advtg should also be taken of natural obstacles at the front.
(f) Methods of replenishment of def loc must be considered before deciding selection of posns.
- What are factors influencing time for preparation of defense in mtn? (TAC-DE-PAT) 8
(a) Trn, weather and altitude.
(b) Availability of materials and def stores.
(c) Condition of roads and tracks, leading upto def locality/posts.
(d) Distance from road head and availability of AT and labour.
(e) Extent of en interference.
(f) Physical fitness of tps.
(g) Availability of digging and construction equipment.
(h) Time and effort for hauling of def stores.
- What are the factors to be borne in mind while launching local CA in mtns?
(a) There would be no res available for solely LCA is done by lifting of tps from localities.
(b) Launching LCA should be balanced with the any chances that jeopardise the integrity
of def.
(c) Lifting of tps for LCA should not open avenue of approach to en.
(d) Attk should be supported by max arty and mortar fire.
(e) Cdr must have careful consideration about time and place for launching such attk as well as visualization of how the battle develop.
(f) Detail plan for no of tps and timing must be worked out.
(g) LCA is lunched from defended locality in contact with en. Thus, liaison and arrangements for deploying CA tps have to be worked out.
- It is gen said that “mtn favours defender”. Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Give reasons. Pts SUPPORTNG the Statement? 11
(a) Fewer tps will be req to def areas based on strong features.
(b) Attker can be observed from a distance and hence engaged by observed arty at long range.
(c) Cam and concealment is gen good. It is difficult for the en to loc well org def As.
(d) Depths usually are difficult to overrun.
(e) Surprise can be achieved by occupying reverse slope posn.
(f) Adm, though a problem is easier than for the attker.
(g) En, being in low grnd is likely to overestimate the range of def on higher grnd.
(h) Arty ranging is difficult. Overshoots and not be seen for correction.
(i) Use of Air Sp is ltd.
(j) En mov uphill is difficult. A def loc on high grnd is difficult to rush and tks cannot be emp.
(k) Provided res are correctly placed, local CA has more chances of success than in plains.
- Devp of defs in hills is slow & continuous process. What are the factors on which it depends upon? (4A What The Dad) 7
(a) Availability of suitable tpt.
(b) Availability of local resources.
(c) Availability of def stores, digging tools and other expedients.
(d) Alt, weather and fitness of the tps.
(e) Whether or not in contact with the en.
(f) Time and effort involved for hauling up def stores.
(g) Distance from the rail head and rd head.
- What are the main problems faced by sig in hills? (RILES) 5
(a) Radio comn is unreliable due to screening effect.
(b) Ingress of moisture into eqpt which makes its op difficult.
(c) Laying of lines and their maint is difficult.
(d) Efficiency of accumulators and life of dry batteries is reduced.
(e) Sig dispatch service cannot adhere to laid down schedule, due to road condition and vagaries of weather.
- What are the limitations of air sp in hills? (DRAAWN) 6
(a) Due to inadequate space for constr of air strips except on valleys, ac may have to operate from comparatively far off airfields, thus reducing Opsal radius of action.
(b) Recog and indication of tgts become difficult.
(c) As alt increases, longer runways are nec.
(d) Atmospheric conds make flying hazardous.
(e) When calling for air sp, it must be ensured that en is not located on neighboring high features, from where they can shoot at ac and H/C.
(f) Normal nav facilities that are available in open country do not exist in that form in hilly trn.
- List out the tasks for which the heptrs may be used for in hills? (TRAP-SEC) 7
(a) Tp mov such as ptls or dropping tps behind en lines for guerilla activities.
(b) Recce.
(c) Air OPs.
(d) Prime movers for guns and mors.
(e) Supply and replenishment.
(f) Evac of cas.
(g) Close sp (Heptrs mounting machine guns and rockets).
- What are the disadv of animal tpt in hill? (O-WAA) 4
(a) One man is rqr for each animal in fwd areas.
(b) Wt and bulk of water rqr daily.
(c) Animals are conspicuous, vulnerable and can be noisy.
(d) Animals care and preparing and trying on loads take time to learn.
- Stocking of defs takes a long time and must be planned well ahead and carefully. What are the factors influence stocking of defs in mtnous trn? (DuNu-VALA) 6
(a) Duration for which the defenses are required to be held.
(b) Number of routes of maintenance available and their state.
(c) Various types of transport available and their capacity.
(d) Availability of local resources particularly water and timber.
(e) Likely en interference to the axis of maintenance.
(f) Availability of air maintenance and its feasibility during Ops.
- What are the problems that defender will have in hills? (DART²-WS)
(a) Disruption in rd comn.
(b) Air sp.
(c) Repair and recovery.
(d) Transport i.e. MT, AT and porters.
(e) Tfc con.
(f) Water.
(g) Supplies.
- What are some of the measures for prevention of infilt in mid hills? (DAD-MP-Svl) 6
(a) Deployment should cover all infil route which shloudnt be by pass easily
(b) Sited for ARD
(c) Sited in depth
(d) Mines and obst to block infil
(e) Protective elements to be correctly employed
(f) Svl effective
- What are defensive measures to prevent and to deal with the infiltrators in hilly trn?
(DEMPUS) 6
(a) Denial of infil route
(b) EW
(c) Maintenance of reserve
(d) Passive measures such as concealment and Sy
(e) Use of reverse slope position
(f) Search
- All strong pts within subunits/units should as far as possible, have certain characteristics.
What are these characteristics? (DDHM-CUM) 7
(a) Must dominate all vulnerable sides.
(b) Should be in depth and provide depth to other localities.
(d) Must hinder attker’s ability to mvre for regping or readjing his forces/attk direction within its close vicinity
(e) Must have mutually sping bunkers within & provide mutual sp to adjoining localities/ strong pts.
(f) Must have cap to launch CAs to regain lost posn on or between outer and inner perimeters.
(g) Must have an extensive network of undergrnd comn trenches.
(c) Must have mines and other obsts in depth.
- What are measures to ensure sy of own tps during the prep of def in hills/mtn? (PT-CLaM) 5
(a) Patrolling to prevent or detect en movement, particularly on the flanks and rear.
(b) Tps should be earmarked to deal with road blocks and infil parties.
(c) Camo and concealment.
(d) Land comns, maint areas, helipads and DZ should be adequately protected.
(e) Measures should be taken to prevent induction of en agents into villages.
- What are the reasons for which the mtn does not favour the defender? (AO CAMP 2 DF) 9
(a) All dead grnd in case of convex slope can’t be covered.
(b) Own Arty fire is less effective
(c) Co-ordination of fire is difficult
(d) All flanks are difficult to secure and there will always be one more hill.
(e) Mutual support always may not be possible and thus liable to isolated attks.
(f) Prep of def is time consuming & difficult.
(g) Deployability problems for guns & mortars.
(h) Depth is difficult to obtain.
(i) Fire of flat trajectory weapons is Plunging.
