Depth of Burns and Clinical Signs - Class 5

Question 1

types of burns

Answer 1

flame

hot liquids

contact

electricity

hot gases

chemicals

friction

exposure

radiation

Question 2

hot liquids –>

Answer 2

water

grease

Question 3

hot gases –>

Answer 3

air in closed area

Question 4

chemicals

Answer 4

acids

bases

Question 5

friction

Answer 5

rope burn

road rash

Question 6

exposure

Answer 6

sunburn

frost bite

Question 7

burn wound classification extent of burn

Answer 7

rule of 9s

lund and browder chart

Question 8

rules of 9s

Answer 8

head

thorax

sacrum

genitals

arms

legs

Question 9

head –> rule of 9s

Answer 9

in total: 9%

anterior: 4.5%

posterior: 4.5%

Question 10

thorax –> rule of 9s

Answer 10

total: 18%

anterior: 9%

posterior: 9%

Question 11

sacrum –> rule of 9s

Answer 11

total: 18%

anterior: 9%

posterior: 9%

Question 12

legs –> rule of 9s

Answer 12

each leg is: 18%

anterior: 9%

posterior: 9%

both legs: 36%

Question 13

genital area –> rule of 9s

Answer 13

1%

Question 14

arms –> rule of 9s

Answer 14

each arm is: 9%

anterior: 4.5%

posterior: 4.5%

both arms together = 18%

Question 15

lund and browder chart

Answer 15

used to classify the amount of burns on a pediatric pt

Question 16

types of burns (classification)

Answer 16

superficial

superficial partial thickness

deep partial thickness

full thickness burn

Question 17

superficial burns are the same as a

Answer 17

1st degree burn

Question 18

where does cell trauma occur –> superficial burn

Answer 18

only to the epidermis

Question 19

will bleeding occur –> superficial burn

Answer 19

no

d/t avascularity of the epidermis

Question 20

what develops –> superficial burn

Answer 20

erythema (secondary)

dermal irritation (primary)

Question 21

is there damage to the dermis –> superficial burn

Answer 21

NO

Question 22

blister formation? –> superficial burn

Answer 22

no

Question 23

healing –> superficial burn

Answer 23

2-5 days

Question 24

superficial partial thickness (SPT) burns are the same as

Answer 24

second degree burns

Question 25

where does damage occur --> SPT

Answer 25

through epidermis --> epidermal layer is completely destroyed into upper layers of the dermis --> papillary layer

Question 26

what layers of the dermis are involved --> SPT

Answer 26

papillary layer of dermis is involved may damage upper reticular later of dermis

Question 27

d/t vascular nature at the dermis --> SPT

Answer 27

vascular dilation helps to dissipate heat blisters will form

Question 28

pain --> SPT

Answer 28

extremely painful

Question 29

what is SPT extremely painful

Answer 29

d/t the irritation of the nerve endings and pain sensors that survive the injury

Question 30

healing --> SPT

Answer 30

5-21 days

Question 31

deep partial thickness burns (DPT) is the same as

Answer 31

deep second degree burns

Question 32

what does a DPT involve

Answer 32

destruction of the dermis severe damage to the dermal layer

Question 33

what is destroyed or injured --> DPT

Answer 33

most of dermal appendages -nerve endings -hair follicles -sweat glands

Question 34

how will the burn appear --> DPT

Answer 34

red tan white dull looking

Question 34

the deeper the injury

Answer 34

the more dull and white it will appear

Question 35

pain --> DPT

Answer 35

painful --> b/c not all of the nerve endings will be destroyed

Question 36

the tissue may be --> DPT

Answer 36

anesthetic immediately after the burn

Question 37

what may develop --> DPT

Answer 37

eschar coagulum secondary to the injury and necrotic tissue

Question 38

evaporation --> DPT

Answer 38

tremendous amount of evaporation grossly 15-20 times the normal amount through the injured area d/t tissue and vascular destruction

Question 39

healing --> DPT

Answer 39

some healing can occur from the periphery or epithelial islands 3-5 weeks w/o infection

Question 40

what could infection cause --> DPT

Answer 40

development from DPT burn to FT burn

Question 41

full thickness burn is the same as a

Answer 41

third degree burn

Question 42

destruction of --> FT

Answer 42

all the epidermal and dermal layers subcutaneous fat cell will also be damaged

Question 43

extent of injury leads to --> FT

Answer 43

coagulation of necrosed cells destruction of blood vessels massive edema cellular infiltration into the burn

Question 44

eschar -->

Answer 44

dry and leathery leaving burn rigid and non-pliable

Question 45

nerve endings --> FT

Answer 45

completely destroyed burn will be relatively pain free

Question 46

color --> FT

Answer 46

will not blanch

Question 47

infection --> FT

Answer 47

if infection occurs --> burn can convert to include destruction of the underlaying fascia, muscle and bone

Question 48

fourth degree burn

Answer 48

electrical burn

Question 49

destruction of --> electrical burn

Answer 49

from the epidermis down to and including the underlying bone

Question 50

there may be --> electrical wounds

Answer 50

entrance and exit wounds secondary to the type of electrical injury internal injuries

Question 51

what may occur w/ electrical burns

Answer 51

fxs of the underlying bones

Question 52

PT --> electrical

Answer 52

gets ruled out for MI

Question 53

burn wound

Answer 53

zone of coagulation zone of stasis zone of hyperemia

Question 54

zone of coagulation

Answer 54

area that receives the most direct and intense heat

Question 55

cells --> zone of coagulation

Answer 55

irreversibly damaged skin death occurs

Question 56

what is present --> zone of coagulation

Answer 56

tissue necrosis eschar

Question 57

zone of stasis contains

Answer 57

injured cells that will die w/in 24-48 hrs w/o specialized tx

Question 58

blood supply --> zone of stasis

Answer 58

compromised by cellular and vascular changes

Question 59

what occurs in the zone of stasis

Answer 59

infections +/or dying of tissues could result in conversion of partially salvageable tissues into necrotic tissue

Question 60

zone of hyperemia

Answer 60

outermost area of burn vasodilation and increased blood flow site of minimal cell damage

Question 61

recovery --> zone of hyperemia

Answer 61

w/in 7 days w/ no lasting effects

Question 62

currents will follow

Answer 62

path of least resistance

Question 63

where is current density the greatest

Answer 63

entrance and exit points

Question 64

tissue resistance --> greatest to least

Answer 64

bone fat tendon skin muscle blood vessels nerves

Question 65

when does tissue damage occur

Answer 65

when electrical activity is converted into thermal energy

Question 66

how will electrical current flow

Answer 66

most direct therapy from their point of entry to the point of grounding follow path of least resistance

Question 67

electrical burns include

Answer 67

entry and exit wounds arc burns flame burns

Question 68

iceberg effect

Answer 68

electrical injuries can be deceiving most damage can be hidden underneath the skin