Inflammatory Stage -Class 1 Flashcards
what is the body’s first response to injury
inflammation
when does inflammation start
immediately
can last up to 4-5 days
fxn of inflammation
hemostasis
phagocytosis
angiogenesis
hemostasis
seal wound
control bleeding
phagocytosis
prevent infection
create a clean wound
angiogenesis
re-establish blood supply
inflammation only occurs on
living tissue w/ adequate blood flow
2 responses of inflammatory phase
vascular response
cellular response
vascular response
immediately after injury
fluid leaks our of an injured vessel
3 ways to control blood loss
transudate leaks out of an injured vessel
vasoconstriction
platelets aggregate
transudate leaks out of an injured vessel
injured vessel allows transudate leaks out of an injured vessel into interstitial space
–> causes local edema
pressure gradient is created w/ increased pressure outside the vessel
control blood loss
vasoconstriction
locally
platelets aggregate
at the site of the injury and become “sticky” (platelet plug) –> closing off the vessel and lymphatic channels and further increasing localized edema
w/in 30 min of the injury
vasodilation of the constricted vessels
what is vasodilation triggered by
lack of oxygen
what does vasodilation do
pushes more fluid into interstitial space
allowing for growth factors and inflammatory cells to reach the injury
exudate
yellowish/creamy color
water, proteins, electrolytes, inflammatory mediators, waste and growth factors in the interstitial fluid
vasodilation results in
localized redness
warmth
swelling
what is pain caused by
swelling and chemicals activating chemoreceptors and free nerve endings
2 parts of the cellular response
phagocytosis
angiogenesis
phagocytosis –> cellular response
neutrophils and mast cells
neutrophils
go to the injury
polymorphonuclear (PNMs)
phagocytosis - remove bacteria
PNMs
1st cells that reach the injury –> w/in 12-24 hrs
amount present depends on the bacterial count
mast cells –> phagocytosis
release histamine
accelerate destruction of damaged cells
