Types of Skin Injuries - Class 2

Question 1

types of skin injuries

Answer 1

abrasions (erosion)

avulsions

burns

lacerations

surgical wounds

Question 2

abrasion

Answer 2

superficial rub or wearing off of skin

Question 3

what causes an abrasion

Answer 3

scrap or a brush burn

Question 4

what does an abrasion affect

Answer 4

epidermis

Question 5

an abrasion is a

Answer 5

minor injury

“skin your knee”

“road rash”

Question 6

degrees of abrasion

Answer 6

first

second

third

Question 7

first degree of abrasion

Answer 7

epidermis only

Question 8

second degree of abrasion

Answer 8

epidermis and dermis

may bleed slightly

Question 9

third degree of abrasion

Answer 9

damage to subcutaneous layer and skin

called an avulsion

Question 10

how does an abrasion heal

Answer 10

epithelialization

depends on the wound depth and size

Question 11

abrasion healing with epithelialization

Answer 11

resurfacing of wound with new epithelium

derived from wound edge and appendages

skin is regenerating

Question 12

avulsions

Answer 12

tearing of the top layer of skin

usually caused by trauma

Question 13

what is an avulsion

Answer 13

“torn flap of skin”

“loss of skin”

Question 14

torn skin –> avulsion

Answer 14

may be lose or too damaged to be repaired

Question 15

how does an avulsion heal

Answer 15

heals from edges inward and bottom up

duration of healing depends on severity of avulsion

Question 16

what can be used to heal a wound –> avulsion

Answer 16

sutures if the wound isnt too wide

health skin flap

Question 17

what may avulsions need

Answer 17

drainage tubes to remove underlying fluid

Question 18

burns

Answer 18

tissue damage d/t heat, UV, radiation, chemicals or electricity

Question 19

degrees of burns

Answer 19

first through fourth

Question 20

first degree burns

Answer 20

superficial

affects epidermis

Question 21

second degree burns

Answer 21

partial thickness

affects epidermis and part of dermis

Question 22

how do second degree burns look

Answer 22

red, blistered and possibly swollen

Question 23

third degree burns

Answer 23

full thickness

extremely painful

destroys the epidermis and dermis

affects the subcutaneous

Question 24

third degree burn look

Answer 24

white

blackened

charred

Question 25

fourth degree burns

Answer 25

burns through epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissue possible affects muscle and bone

Question 26

fourth degree burns --> nerves

Answer 26

no feeling since nerve ending are destroyed pts may not even feel it

Question 27

lacerations

Answer 27

a wound where the skin and the underlying tissues are cut/torn

Question 28

lacerations are often

Answer 28

irregular or jagged

Question 29

lacerations may be

Answer 29

deep or shallow wide or narrow

Question 30

what may cause lacerations

Answer 30

skin hitting a sharp object or a sharp object hitting the skin with force

Question 31

how can a laceration be healed

Answer 31

compression/bandage or may require stitches

Question 32

surgical wounds

Answer 32

an incision through the skin that is made during surgery

Question 33

surgical wound classifications

Answer 33

class 1-4

Question 34

surgical wound class 1

Answer 34

clean

Question 35

surgical wound class 2

Answer 35

clean/contaminated d/t where surgery was performed urinary, elemental, respiratory, bowel or GU system entered

Question 36

class 3 surgical wound

Answer 36

contaminated open wounds or break in sterile technique

Question 37

class 4 surgical wound

Answer 37

dirty infected old wound, unhealthy tissue, perforation in the viscera, infection

Question 38

how can surgical wounds be closed

Answer 38

sutured steri-stripped stapled glue taped

Question 39

skin ulcers

Answer 39

an open sore or wound that develops on the skin and will not heal or keeps returning

Question 40

skin ulcers can be caused by

Answer 40

prolonged periods of poor blood flow to an area of the body prolonged pressure an injury

Question 41

what can prolonged of poor blood flow result from

Answer 41

infection immobility conditions that affect blood vessels

Question 42

types of skin ulcers

Answer 42

venous skin ulcers arterial (ischemic) skin ulcers neuropathic skin ulcers pressure ulcers buruli ulcers stasis dermatitis

Question 43

venous skin ulcers

Answer 43

shallow open sores usually develop in the skin of the lower leg result of poor blood circulation

Question 44

poor blood circulation --> venous skin ulcer

Answer 44

lack of venous return back to the heart --> blood collects in the leg --> edema --> pressure on skin --> ulcer

Question 45

where do venous skin ulcers usually occur

Answer 45

medial malleolus region

Question 46

arterial skin ulcers

Answer 46

ischemic skin ulcer arteries fail to deliver oxygenated blood to the lower limbs

Question 47

fail to deliver oxygen --> arterial skin ulcers

Answer 47

lack of oxygen --> tissues die --> ulcers develop

Question 48

where are arterial ulcers usually seen

Answer 48

outside ankle dorsum of foot feet and toes

Question 49

neuropathic skin ulcers is a common complications

Answer 49

uncontrolled diabetes

Question 50

uncontrolled diabetes --> neuropathic skin ulcers

Answer 50

d/t elevated blood glucose level --> damage to nerves --? person may not realize they have a small wound --> develop into an ulcer

Question 51

where do neuropathic skin ulcers form

Answer 51

distal extremities plantar aspect of the foot

Question 52

neuropathies in distal extremities

Answer 52

when smaller wounds go undetected then worsen into ulcers

Question 53

pressure ulcers

Answer 53

decubitus ulcers caused by constant pressure or friction on the skin

Question 54

where are pressure ulcers commonly seen

Answer 54

posterior head sacrum ischial tuberosities elbows heels

Question 55

what can pressure ulcers affect

Answer 55

can develop deep and affect ligs and tendons

Question 56

buruli ulcers

Answer 56

caused by mycobacterium ulcerans bacteria

Question 57

where can buruli ulcers form

Answer 57

large ulcers on arms or legs

Question 58

stasis dermatitis is a

Answer 58

precursor to venous ulcer

Question 59

stasis dermatitis

Answer 59

not truly an ulcer change in the skin that results from the pooling of blood in the veins of the lower leg

Question 60

what is stasis dermatitis caused by

Answer 60

fluid build up d/t poor circulation, heart dz, or varicose veins

Question 61

an ulcer can result from

Answer 61

stasis dermatitis

Question 62

stasis dermatitis is more common in

Answer 62

women people over 50