Skin Color Variations - Class 2

Question 1

Fitzpatrick scale

Answer 1

describes a way to classify the skin by its rxn to exposure to sunlight

determined by amount of melanin in the skin

Question 2

what can the Fitzpatrick predict

Answer 2

skin cancer risks

scarring dysfunctions

Question 3

fitzpatrick scale types

Answer 3

type 1-6

Question 4

FP scale –> type 1

Answer 4

light

pale white

always burns and never tans

Question 5

FP scale –> type 2

Answer 5

white

fair

usually burns

tans w/ difficulty

Question 6

FP scale –> type 3

Answer 6

medium

white to olive

sometimes mild burns

gradually tans to olive

Question 7

FP scale –> type 4

Answer 7

olive

moderate brown

rarely burns

tans w/ ease to a moderate brown

Question 8

FP scale –> type 5

Answer 8

brown

dark brown

very rarely burns

tans very easily

Question 9

FP scale –> type 6

Answer 9

black

very dark

brown to black

never burns

tans very easily

deeply pigmented

Question 10

trauma with skin of color

Answer 10

people w/ different skin colors heal differently

POC –> types 4-6

Question 11

post inflammatory hyper/hypopigmentation

Answer 11

after an injury
–> the skin becomes too light (hypo) or too dark (hyper) around the injury

Question 12

dark skin may respond to trauma or inflammation…

Answer 12

either an increase or decrease in pigmentation (dyschromia)

Question 13

dyschromia –> dark skin

Answer 13

melanocytes respond in exaggerated way

marked change in pigment

Question 14

dyschromia

Answer 14

following an inflammatory event

post-inflammatory hyper pigmentation

post-inflammatory hypo pigmentation

Question 15

special considerations with skin of color

Answer 15

dyschromia

stage 1 pressure ulcer looks purple

keloid scarring

mycosis fungoides or lymphoma of the skin

Question 16

stage 1 pressure ulcer looks purple

Answer 16

not red

difficult to see blanching –> difficult seeing blood come back into an area –> may not see reddening)

Question 17

mycosis fungoides or lymphoma of skin is more common w/

Answer 17

skin of color

Question 18

mycosis fungoides or lymphoma of skin

Answer 18

thickening of the skin and early stage patches of a scaly rash

Question 19

mycosis fungoides or lymphoma of skin –> rash

Answer 19

does not cause sxs

may go undetected for months or years

Question 20

mycosis fungoides or lymphoma of skin –> appearance

Answer 20

yellow or gray instead of red

Question 21

light skin –> melanosomes

Answer 21

primarily in basal layer of the epidermis

Question 22

dark skin –> melanosomes

Answer 22

larger in people with darker skin

have greater total melanin

found throughout epidermis in skin of color

Question 23

melanin fxns

Answer 23

to protect the skin from UV light

absorbs and defects rays

protects against photo damage

Question 24

stratum corneum

Answer 24

same thickness in all individuals

Question 25

stratum corneum --> black or darker skin

Answer 25

more compact with more layers

Question 26

dark skin --> superior epidermal barrier

Answer 26

d/t compactness of the stratum corneum takes greater amount of UV to affect the skin recovers quicker after barrier damage resists skin stripping and peeling

Question 27

sun damage is

Answer 27

cumulative builds up over time

Question 28

sun damage appearance

Answer 28

freckles age spots/pigmentation changes wrinkles/decreased skin elasticity rough, uneven skin textures skin cancers

Question 29

skin cancers

Answer 29

basal cell carcinoma squamous cell carcinoma merkel cell cancer melanoma

Question 30

most common form of skin cancer

Answer 30

basal cell carcinoma

Question 31

2nd most common form of skin cancer

Answer 31

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 32

rare and aggressive form of skin cancer

Answer 32

merkel cell carcinoma

Question 33

most dangerous form of skin cancer

Answer 33

melanoma but can be cured if caught and treated early

Question 34

basal cell carcinoma is found

Answer 34

in epidermal basal cells along face, ears, neck, scalp, shoulders and back

Question 35

squamous cell carcinoma is found

Answer 35

epidermal squamous cells along face, ears, scalp, neck, hands

Question 36

merkel cell cancer is found

Answer 36

found on head, neck, and eyelids associated w/ merkel cell polyomavirus

Question 37

melanoma is developed from

Answer 37

melanocytes

Question 38

what do melanomas resemble

Answer 38

a mole

Question 39

where can melanomas occur

Answer 39

anywhere on body

Question 40

sunscreen

Answer 40

minimizes photo aging in light and dark skin