Derm/Ophtho/Repro

Question 1

Treatment for superficial necrolytic dermatitis (hepatocutaneous syndrome?)

Answer 1

Supportive care; ample amino acid provision (egg yolk, high protein diet); zinc; address secondary skin infections

Question 2

Hepatucutaneous syndrome is inheritable in what breed of dog?

Answer 2

Shih Tzu (JAVMA 2016)

Question 3

Which was associated with less frequently reported (by owners) signs of allergy or atopy out of a study of dogs in Finland?
-Eating fruits
-Eating dried animal parts
-Eating raw organ meats
- Drinking from puddles

Answer 3

Eating raw organ meats (others include fish oil supplements, raw tripe, human meal leftovers)..all the others were associated with higher incidence (JVIM 2021)

Question 4

What was the incidence of middle ear infection in dogs with middle ear effusion? If bacterial infection noted, what was most common bacteria?

Answer 4

20% (6/28); 4/6 of these were Staph pseud (JVIM 2021)

Question 5

Saliva, but not serum, antigen tests for food allergy was accurate in dogs. T/F?

Answer 5

False - both are not accurate (18-30/30 healthy dogs tested positive for food allergy) - JAVMA 2019

Question 6

Rate of recurrence of middle ear polyps after removal with traction avulsion in cats?

Answer 6

14%(experienced) to 35% (less experienced) - JFMS 2017

Question 7

Most common bacterial infection in otitis interna in cats? What % of these had normal otoscopic examination?

Answer 7

Pasteurella multocida (24%) - almost half (47%) had normal otoscopic exam (JFMS 2019)

Question 8

Feline maculopapular cutaneous mastocytosis is associate with what breeds?

Answer 8

Sphynx and Devon Rex (JFMS 2019)

Question 9

Maropitant may have some efficacy in addressing feline pruritus not associated with FAD or CAFR. T/F?

Answer 9

True JFMS 2019

Question 10

Benign skin masses were more likely to occur in dogs on Apoquel than dogs not exposed. T/F?

Answer 10

False - there was no increase in incidence of malignancies or skin masses in dogs on Apoquel vs not. (However paper still recommended monitoring given FDA warning). JAVMA 2020

Question 11

Glycopyrrolate injection will cause what change to STT?

Answer 11

Decrease (JAVMA 2016)

Question 12

What is the most common type of primary glaucoma in the dog?

Answer 12

Primary angle closure glaucoma (JAVMA 2017)

Question 13

Uveodermatologic syndrome is commonly known to occur in what dog breed?

Answer 13

Akita (JAVMA 2018)

Question 14

What % of dogs with uveodermatologic syndrome had glaucoma?

Answer 14

36% (JAVMA 2018) (can regain vision, 50% of all dogs in study - not just dogs that had glaucoma - had vision at final visit)

Question 15

A menace response frequently fails in a healthy cat if if the contralateral is not covered. T/F?

Answer 15

False - 40% of healthy cats failed menace response WHEN the other eye was covered (JFMS 2019)

Question 16

STT can be performed in cats with or without stimulation, and 30 seconds can be considered. T/F?

Answer 16

True - JAVMA 2020

Question 17

Reliability of nontrained veterinarian to detect fundic abnormalities in a hypertensive cat with no vision?

Answer 17

100% JFMS 2021

Question 18

Most prevalent ocular disorders in brachycephalic dogs?

Answer 18

corneal ulcers, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, corneal pigmentation, immature cataracts, and uveitis - JAVMA 2021 (66% of diseases were found in cornea or adnexa)

Question 19

Which of the following increased in late pregnancy in dogs?
Cobalamin
Transferrin
PCV

Answer 19

Transferrin (and serum iron) - JVIM 2019; this is unlike humans (the others decreased)

Question 20

Best test(s) to send out on a dog suspected to have ovarian remnant syndrome

Answer 20

AMH AND P4 (JAVMA 2019) - do not both have to be positive but if both negative then should not have ovarian remnant

Question 21

A gonadotropin-releasing hormone-based vaccine was what % effective for 1 year in a colony of cats?

Answer 21

30% (not enough) - JFMS 2018

Question 22

How does a GnRH agonist affect reproductive system in cats?

Answer 22

Prolonged GnRH will result in desensitization of receptors > lack of synthesis and/or release of FSH and LH (JFMS 2017) [can postpone puberty and suppress sexual behavior in tomcats]

Question 23

Was a 9.4 mg deslorein implant in male cat effective for longer than 4.7 mg implant?

Answer 23

yes (JFMS 2019)

Question 24

Significance of progestins in female cat repro?

Answer 24

temporary/reversible control of cat repro cycle

Question 25

Adverse effects of progestin administration?

Answer 25

Mammary hyperplasia, diabetes, cystic endometrial hyperplasia

Question 26

What was efficacy of mid-pregnancy termination in cats with aglepristone + misoprostol?

Answer 26

100% (JFMS 2019) (Efficacy was 71.4% in the AGL group, 0% in the low dose MIS group, 57% in the high dose MIS group)

Question 27

What was efficacy of late-pregnancy termination in cats with aglepristone + cloprostenol (PGF2a)?

Answer 27

100% (with agle alone it was 80%) - JFMS 2020

Question 28

How does aglepristone work?

Answer 28

binds uterine progesterone (P4) receptor with 10x affinity as native P4

Question 29

A low LH is consistent with which of the following in cats?
- Post mating
- Castration
- Intact female

Answer 29

Intact female, LH is high in all of the other cases (JFMS 2019)

Question 30

Fundic changes consistent with progressive retinal atrophy? Clinical course of disease? Distinguish from SARDS?

Answer 30

Hyper-reflective tapetum with attenuated vessels. Night vision loss initially. SARDS is sudden loss with generally normal fundic examination.

Question 31

Hypertensive retinopathy can be reversed if blood pressure is controlled within what amount of time?

Answer 31

7-10d

Question 32

Minimum antibiotic regimen for deep pyoderma?

Answer 32

6-8w

Question 33

Breeds impacted by dermatomyositis? What myopathy signs can manifest? Treatment?

Answer 33

Collies, Shelties. Myopathy may not be present, or can include muscles of mastication, lameness, high-stepping gait, mega-esophagus. Tx: Pentoxifylline and Vitamin E +/- pred or cyclosporine in severe cases

Question 34

Symptomatic treatments for calcinosis cutis?

Answer 34

Address any pruritic cause (pyoderma, dermatophytosis, demodicosis), withdraw steroids or address Cushing’s, oatmeal shampoo or DMSO gel or low potency steroid cream to edges of pruritic lesions

Question 35

Nasal planum depigmentation and scaling with no nasal signs or other cutaneous disease is consistent with what autoimmune disorder?

Answer 35

Discoid/cutaneous lupus erythematous most likely, possible to be early form of pemphigus foliaceus or pemphigus erythematous but generally more crusting noted (crusting can occur in severe cases of DLE as well)

Question 36

Differentials for autoimmune dermatologic disorders that do not necessarily target mucocutaneous or mucosa regions (as in - can involve them but are not exclusive to them) are:

Answer 36

Cutaneous vasculitis, erythema multiform, toxic epidermal necrolysis

Question 37

Acantholytic cells are generally seen with which type of immune-mediated disease?

Answer 37

pemphigus or other severe immune mediated disease (although severe bacterial infections and dermatophytosis can also cause this)