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pharmacology II > Dermatologic > Flashcards

Dermatologic Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

Routs of administration for skin

A
  • topical
  • systemic
  • intralesion injection
  • ultraviolet radiation
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2
Q

Topical drug deliverry forms for derm

A
  • solution/dissolved in solvent
  • lotion/powder in water or oil
  • cream/wanter in oil
  • ointment/oil in water
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3
Q

what can increase the skin penetration of an agent

A
  • decreased molecular size
  • increased lipid content
  • increased concentration
  • decreased skin integrity
  • decreased skin thickness, ie face vs heels
  • greater surface area to mass - greater dose
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4
Q

Lists of the dermatologic agents

A
  • anti/bacterial/fungal/virals/inflammatories
  • retinoids
  • psoralens
  • sunscreens
  • keratolytic agents salicylic acid
  • analgesics
  • hormone replacement
  • nicotine
  • alopecia drugs
  • cytotoxic agents
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5
Q

why use topical antimicrobials

A

prophylaxis of superficial infections due to wounds and injuries

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6
Q

What are the topical antimirobials

A
  • Anti microbrial: Neomycin/Neosporin

- Antibiotic : Mupirocin/bactroban

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7
Q

MOA of antimicrobial Neomycin/neosporin

A

Neomycin: disrups bacterial cell membrane phospholipids

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8
Q

MOA of antimicrobial Bacitracin

A

Bacitracin: interferes with pepditoglycans of bacterial cell wall

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9
Q

MOA of Topical antibiotic Mupirocin/bactroban

A

Mupirocin/bactroban: inhibit bacterial protein synthesis

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10
Q

Neomycin Class

A

Antimicrobial: disrubt cell membrane

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11
Q

Bacitracin class

A

antimicrobial : disrupt cell wall

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12
Q

Mupirocin/bactroban Class

A

Antimicrobial: inhibit protein synthesis

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13
Q

Indication for Neomycin ointment

A

Neomycin/neosporin

  • superficial skin infection,
  • external ear infx
  • prophylactially
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14
Q

Indication fo Mupirocin

- cream or ointment

A

Mupirocin/bactroban

  • impedigo
  • staph/strep
  • MRSA in additon to IV
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15
Q

side effects of Neomycin ointment

A

Neomycin:

- Ototoxicity if otic solution is applied and there is a perforated TM

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16
Q

where should you apply Mupirocin when treating MERA

A

Also treat nares

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17
Q

Antifungals : topical

A

Ketoconazole/Nizarol

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18
Q

MOA of ketoconazole/nizarol

A

Ketoconazole: Inhibit sterol synthesis

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19
Q

Class of ketoconazole

A

antifungal

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20
Q

Indication of KEtoconalzole

- lotion, ointment, shampoo

A

superficial fungal infections

  • Tinea
  • yeast infections
  • seborrheic dermatitis
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21
Q

why apply glucocorticoids to skin, what are their properties

Study These Flashcards
A
  • immunosupressive

- antiinflammatorie

22
Q

when should topical steroids be avoided

Study These Flashcards
A

Dont use topical steroids and abraded skin

23
Q

indications for topical glucocorticoids

Study These Flashcards
A
  • dermatitis
  • psoriasis
  • ezcema
  • bullous disease : pemphigus
  • collagen vascular disease SLE
  • Granulomatous : Sarcoidosis
24
Q

How are topical glucocorticoids classed?

Study These Flashcards
A

Grouped into seven classes with class 1 being the most potient and class 7 is the least potent.

25
what are generally the most potent corticosteroids
halogenated corticosteroids
26
steroid side effects
- skin atrophpy - striae - purpura - perioral dermatitis * - rosacea - fungal overgrowth
27
Systemic side effects from topical steroid
- supression of HPA axis - hyperglycemia - osteoporosis/necrosis
28
what can increase systemic absorption of topical steroids
- increase amount applied - size of treatment area - frequency of application - duratio nof treatment - drug potency - use of occlusive barrier
29
when are intralesional steroids used
- cystic acne - psoriasis - discoid lupis - alopecia
30
Glucocorticoid/corticosteroid drug
Hydrocortisone/cortef
31
MOA or glucocoricoids
- affects gene transcription: anti inflammatory | - stimulate or repression protein synthesis
32
how is hydrocortizone dispensed
topical cream or ointment | - OTC 1% or halogenated
33
How do retinoids affect skin
Modify the following - cell proliferation - cell differentiation - immune function - inflammation - sebum production
34
what are Retinoids
derivatives of retinol that exhibit vitamin A activity
35
indications for Retinoids
- Cystic/papular acne - actinic keratosis - psoriasis - same as intralesional steroids - basal cell cancer ** - Squamous cell cancer * - Cutaneous aging
36
Etiology of acne
- Folicular hyperkeratosis - bacteria - excess sebum produciton - increased inflammation - andrognes
37
Drug therapy for acne includes what
- topical salicylic acid - topical benzoly peroxide - topical antibiotics - topical retinoids
38
Class of tretinoin/Retin A
Vitamin A derivative
39
MOA of Tretinoin/Retin A
MOA Retin A | - Reduce hyperkeratinizaation, increase epidermal thickness and collagen synthesis
40
side effects of Retin A
``` Erythema, peeling burning stingin photosynsetivity ```
41
name the Vitamin A derivatives
Tretinoin/Retin A | Isoretinoin/Accutane
42
MOA or Isoretinin/Accutain
MOA of isoretinin/accutain | - Reduce hyperkeratinization, sebum gland number and production, reduce bacteria
43
what bacteria is associated with acne
propioni-bacterium acne
44
indications for Tretinoin/retin A vs Isoretinin/accutaint
``` Trentinoin/Retin A - Acne - photodamaged skin Isoretinin/Accutane - Acne - Acne rosacea - Hidradenitis supperativa ```
45
Side effects of Accutaine
``` Teratogenicity - first 3 weeks of gesttion Pregnancy is absolute contraindications 2 forms of birth control - depression/ psycosis liver stuff ```
46
Psoriasis
Autoimmune dz, immune cells move to epidermis, stimulating proliferation of keratinocytes
47
Drug therapy for psoriasis
- Topical corticosteroids - Topical vitamin D - Topical vitamin A - Phototherapy - Systemic: steroids, chemo agents,
48
What does photochmotherapy implies
That some sort of drug is added to tratment
49
PUVA
Psoralen and ultraviolet A therapy. Geven Psoralen then reacted to UVA light
50
MOA of PUVA
MOA of PUVA - antiinflammatory through immunosupression - inhibit DNA synthesis
51
Uses for PUVA
- Psoriasis (retinoids, intralesional steroids) - vitilago - T cell lymphomas - alopecia - urticari pigmentosa
52
side iffects of PUVA
nausea, pain redness, blistering, increased risk of skin cancer skin aging; actinic keratosis

pharmacology II (31 decks)

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