Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANAT200 > digest > Flashcards

digest Flashcards

1
Q

Introduction: specialized for? consists of? located?

A
  • specialized for digestion and absorption of food
  • consists of digestive tract and accessory digestive glands
  • located predominantly in the abdominopelvic cavity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Introduction: walls/organs lined with? cavity?

A
  • walls of cavity lined with parietal peritoneum
  • organs covered with layer of visceral peritoneum
  • peritoneal cavity is space between the two layers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Functions (6)

A
  • Ingestion: food and liquid taken in
  • Secretion: acids, buffers, enzymes
  • Motility: mixes and moves food along digestive tract
  • Digestion: Mechanical and Chemical
  • Absorption: materials move acroos digestive epithelium
  • Elimination: waste is compacted and excreted
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Digestion: chemical vs mechanical?

A
  • mechanical: teeth and tongue break food into smaller particles
  • chemical: food broken down by acid and enzymes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Tongue - composed of _ muscle? orientation? allows?

A
  • composed of multiple layers of skeletal muscle
  • oriented at different angles
  • allow movement in multiple directions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Tongue - functions? (3)

A
  • positions food within oral cavity
  • sensory organ - temperature and taste (sweet, salty, sour, bitter, umami)
  • organ of speech
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Gastrointestinal Tract - oral cavity? pharynx? esophagus?

A
  • OC: teeth, tongue and salivary glands fragment and hydrate food
  • P: initiates swallowing
  • E: muscular tube that conducts food from pharynx to stomach
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

GI Tract: stomach? small intestine? large?

A
  • S: muscular sac that stores food and initiates digestion
  • SI: digestion and absorption
  • LI: compaction and storage of feces
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Teeth - decidous? permanent? replacement? function?

A
  • deciduous aka temporary aka baby dentition: 20 teeth
  • permanent dentition: 32 teeth
  • replacement occurs between 6 and 17
  • function in mechanical breakdown of food aka mastication
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Esophagus - what? size? where? lined with?

A
  • muscular tube extending from pharynx to stomach
  • 25 cm long, 2cm in diameter
  • passes along posterior mediastinum through diaphragm, into adominal cavity
  • lined with stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Muscules of the esophageal wall- upper and lower?

A
  • Upper portion: skeletal aka voluntary
  • can decide to continue swallowing or bring food back up
  • lower portion: smooth aka involuntary
  • committed to finish swallowing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Stomach - what? does what? mechanically? chemically? mixes?

A
18
Q
A
19
Q
A
20
Q
A
21
Q
A
22
Q
A
23
Q

Gastric Cland Cells (5)

A
  • surface mucus cells
  • mucus neck cells
  • parietal cells
  • chief cells
  • enteroendocrine cells
24
Q

Enteroendocrine Cells

A
  • secrete hormones
  • G cells secrete gastrin
  • gastrin stimulates secretion of parietal and chief cells
25
Q

Gastric Gland Cells - surface mucus and mucus neck?

A
  • SM: secrete alkaline mucus to protect epithelium from acid
  • mucus neck: secrete protective mucus
26
Q

GG Cells - parietal? chief?

A
  • P: secrete HCl and intrinsic factor (vit B12 absorption)
  • C: secrete pepsinogen - converted into pepsin by stomach acid
27
Q

Small intestine - 3 regions?

A
  • duodenum
  • jejenum
  • ilieum
28
Q

Duodenum - size? shape? recieves?

A
  • short, 25 cm or 10 in
  • C shaped segment
  • receives chyme from stomach
  • receives secretions of pancreas and gall bladder
29
Q

Jejenum - size? function?

A
  • 2.5 m or 8 ft
  • majority of digestion and absorption
30
Q

Ilieum - size? function?

A
  • final segment, 2.5 m or 12 ft long
  • digestion and absorption completed
  • empties into large intestine
31
Q

Neutralization of Chyme

A
  • pH of chyme in stomac is acidic, but digestive enzymes in SI have alkaline pH optimum
  • chyme is released slowly from the stomach by the pyloric sphincter
  • as it enters duodenum, rapidly neutralized by: alkaline secretions from pancreas and alkaline mucus secreted by subjucosal glands of the duodenum (Brunner’s)
32
Q

Duodenum position

A
33
Q

Surface Area of Small Intestine

A
  • 6m/20 ft length, 2.5
34
Q

Large Intestine - shape and size? functions?

A
  • horseshoe shaped tube
  • 1.5 m/ 5 ft long
  • 7.5 cm / 3 in in diameter
  • reabsorbs water and electrolytes
  • absorbs important vitamins produced by colonic bacteria - K and B 12
  • compacts and stores feces
35
Q
A
36
Q
A
37
Q

Duodenum Position

A
38
Q

Intenstinal Wall - mesentery? plicae circulares? villi?

A
39
Q

Specializations of Intestinal Wall: d vs. J vs. I

A
  • duodenum: plicae, glands and villi
  • jejenum: most numerous plicaie and villi
  • ileum: reduced in height villi, peters patches: permanent lymphoid nodules
40
Q

Digestive Tract Epithelium Comparison

A

ANAT200 (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions