Digestive and Respiration Quiz

Question 1

What is the primary function of the Respiratory System?

Answer 1

It moves fresh air/nutrients into the lungs and bloodstream whilst removing bad air and waste gases out of the lungs and bloodstream

Question 2

What is the primary function of the Digestive System?

Answer 2

It breaks down food into nutrients such as carbs, fats, and proteins through Mechanical and Chemical Digestion.

Question 3

What are the functions (and steps) of the Digestive System?

Answer 3

1. Ingestion (Food entering mouth)
2. Food Breakdown (Mechanical/Chemical Digestion)
3. Food Movement (Propulsion/Peristalsis)
4. Absorbtion (Through the small intestine)
5. Defecation (Waste products exiting anus)

Question 4

What is Ingestion?

(First step of Digestive System Functions)

Answer 4

(The act/process of) Voluntarily putting food in the mouth (eating)

Question 5

What is Food Breakdown? What are the two parts of it?

(Second step of Digestive System Functions)

Answer 5

The process of breaking food down into their simplest macromolecule forms through mechanical and chemical digestion

• Mechanical Digestion: Mixing/breaking down (solid) food in the mouth (w/ accessory organs)
• Chemical Digestion: Breaking down large food molecules with enzymes

Question 6

What is Food Movement? What are the two parts of it?

(Third step of Digestive System Functions)

Answer 6

The process of moving food throughout the Gastrointestinal (GI) tract through Propulsion and Peristalsis

• Propulsion: Propelling (broken down) foodstuffs from 1 digestive organ to the next
• Peristalsis: Involuntary act of propulsion that squeezes food along the GI Tract

Question 7

What is Absorbtion? Which organ is the major absorbtive site?

(Fourth step of Digestive System Functions)

Answer 7

The process of transporting digested end products of the GI tract to blood or lymph (for absorbtion of nutrients)

• The Small Intestine is the major absortive site, and also does the most work in the digestive system

Question 8

What is Defecation? Why is the digestive system considered a “disassembly line”?

(Fifth step of Digestive System Functions)

Answer 8

The process of eliminating and expunging indesgestible products in feces

• The digestive system is considered a “disassembly line” because it disassembles food and food molecules for digestion & absorbtion

Question 9

What is Metabolism?

Answer 9

(How fast) The chemical processes in order to break down and absorb food molecules occur

• A person with fast metabolism can eat a lot and maintain a normal weight because their body absorbs and uses the food they eat quickly

Question 10

What is Segmentation?

Answer 10

The process of moving (food) materials back and forth to aid with mixing within the small intestine

Question 11

What macromolecule is chemically digestive in the stomach?

Answer 11

Proteins

Question 12

What are the functions (and steps) of the Respiratory System?

Answer 12

1. Pulmonary Ventilation (Breathing)
2. External Respiration (Alveoli Gas Exchange)
3. Respiratory Gas Transport (From Lungs to Tissue)
4. Internal Respiration (Capillary Gas Exchange)

Question 15

What is Pulmonary Ventilation?

(First step of Respiratory System Functions)

Answer 15

The process of air moving in & out of the lungs (breathing)

Question 16

What is External Respiration?

(Second step of Respiratory System Functions)

Answer 16

The process of gas exchange between O2 and CO2 with alveoli

Question 17

What is Respiratory Gas Transport?

(Third step of Respiratory System Functions)

Answer 17

The process of O2 and CO2 being moved to and from the lungs and bodily tissue

Question 18

What is Internal Respiration?

(Fourth step of Respiratory System Functions)

Answer 18

The process of gas exchange between the body and tissue at capillaries

Question 19

What are the major parts of the respiratory system?

Answer 19

• Nasal Cavity/Passage (nose)
• Pharynx (throat)
• Larynx (voice box)
• Trachea (airway b/w larynx to bronchi)
• Primary Brochus/Bronchial Tube (main bronchi in the lung’s upper parts, starting the bronchial tree)
• Pleura (thin layer of lung-covering tissue)
• Bronchiole (smallest airways leading to alveoli)
• Alveoli (tiny air sacs at ends of brochioles, exhcanging O2 and CO2 during inhaling and exhaling)
• Diaphragm (major muscle of respiration inferior to the lungs)