Digestive System - Oral Cavity

Question 1

what are the 4 layers of the digestive tract?

Answer 1

Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis
Serosa

Question 2

what are 4 important functions of the alimentary mucosa?

Answer 2

barrier
immunological function
absorption
secretion

Question 3

where is the vestibule in the oral cavity?

Answer 3

space b/w the lips, cheeks and teeth

Question 4

where is the oral cavity proper in the oral cavity?

Answer 4

space behind the teeth

Question 5

which glands have a capsule?

Answer 5

major

Question 6

what are the major salivary glands?

Answer 6

Parotid gland
Submandibular gland
Sublingual gland

Question 7

What are the minor salivary glands?

Answer 7

Buccal
Labial
Lingual
Molar
Palantine

Question 8

what are found surrounding the acini of the minor glands?

Answer 8

plasma cells and lymphocytes

Question 9

what are the 4 parts of the salivon?

Answer 9

acinus
intercalated duct
striated duct
excretory duct

Question 10

what are the 3 types of acini?

Answer 10

serous
mucous
mixed

Question 11

what part of the salivon is well developed in serous glands?

Answer 11

intercalated ducts

striated ducts

Question 12

what part of the salivon is NOT well developed in mucous glands?

Answer 12

intercalated ducts

Question 13

what is the large duct of the parotid gland that enters the oral cavity?

Answer 13

Stensen’s duct

Question 14

secretory units of the parotid duct are completely _____ and surround numerous, long _____

Answer 14

serous; intercalated ducts

Question 15

what is mumps?

Answer 15

a viral infection of the parotid gland that could damage the facial nerve

Question 16

what is the main duct in the submandibular gland?

Answer 16

Wharton’s duct

Question 17

what kind of the gland is the submandibular gland?

Answer 17

predominately serous

Question 18

what kind of gland is the sublingual gland?

Answer 18

predominately mucous gland

Question 19

what are the 5 main functions of saliva?

Answer 19

controls bacteria
digests carbs
moistens food and oral cavity
stimulates taste buds
buffers

Question 20

what enzyme lyses bacteria in saliva?

Answer 20

lysozyme

Question 21

what bacteria digests carbs in saliva?

Answer 21

Alpha- amylase

Question 22

what immunoglobulin is found in saliva?

Answer 22

IgA

Question 23

What are myoepthelial cells?

Answer 23

contractile cells that move secretory products toward the excretory duct

Question 24

what two rings are tonsils organized into?

Answer 24

tonsillar ring

Waldeyer’s lymphatic ring

Question 25

where is the masticatory mucosa?

Answer 25

in the hard palate + gums

Question 26

what are the 2 types of epithelium in the masticatory mucosa?

Answer 26

keratinzed stratified squamous epithelium | parakeratinized epithelium

Question 27

what is parakeratinized epithelium?

Answer 27

similar to keratinized but the superficial cells do not loose their nuclei

Question 28

what does the keratinized epithelium in the masticatory mucosa lack?

Answer 28

stratum lucidum

Question 29

what type of epithelium is the lining mucosa?

Answer 29

generally nonkeratinized but may be parakeratinized

Question 30

what are the 3 layers in the nonkeratinized epithelium?

Answer 30

stratum basale stratum spinosum stratum superficiale

Question 31

melanocytes are derived from what origin?

Answer 31

Neural crest cells

Question 32

what are merkel cells?

Answer 32

modified epidermal cells in the stratum basale

Question 33

how do the muscle fibers of the tongue run?

Answer 33

in three planes perpendicular to one another

Question 34

what are the smooth dark bulges on the posterior side of the dorsal tongue?

Answer 34

lingual tonsils in the lamina propia

Question 35

what divides the tongue into anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3?

Answer 35

terminal sulcus

Question 36

what is the apex of the terminal sulcus?

Answer 36

foramen cecum

Question 37

what are the papillae that are only really found in bunnies?

Answer 37

foliate papillae

Question 38

which papillae look like mushrooms?

Answer 38

fungiform papillae

Question 39

which papillae look like a large dome and have a moat around them?

Answer 39

circumvallate papillae

Question 40

which papillae are the smallest and most numerous?

Answer 40

filiform papillae

Question 41

what is the small opening at the apex of the taste bud?

Answer 41

taste pore

Question 42

what are the 3 cell types in taste buds?

Answer 42

neuroepithelial cells basal cells supporting cells

Question 43

what are neuroepithelial cells in taste buds?

Answer 43

cells from the basal lamina to the taste pore w/ microvilli that synapse w/ CN 7, 9, and 10

Question 44

what origin is enamel?

Answer 44

ectodermal

Question 45

what origin are most structures of the teeth?

Answer 45

mesoderm/ neural crest cells

Question 46

what are the 3 specialized layers of teeth?

Answer 46

enamel dentin cementum

Question 47

what secretes dentin?

Answer 47

odontoblasts

Question 48

what is cemtum?

Answer 48

thin, pale, yellowish layer of calcified AVASCULAR tissue covering teh dentin of the root of tooth

Question 49

what secretes cementum?

Answer 49

cementocytes

Question 50

what is the only sensory modality recognized by teeth?

Answer 50

pain (nerve fibers are unmyelinated)

Question 51

where do nerve fibers and blood vessels enter teeth?

Answer 51

apical foramen

Question 52

what is the gomphosis of the tooth?

Answer 52

the tooth, socket, and periodontal ligament (peg in socket joint)