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Cell Bio Block 3 > Digestive System - Oral Cavity > Flashcards

Digestive System - Oral Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 4 layers of the digestive tract?

A

Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis
Serosa

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2
Q

what are 4 important functions of the alimentary mucosa?

A

barrier
immunological function
absorption
secretion

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3
Q

where is the vestibule in the oral cavity?

A

space b/w the lips, cheeks and teeth

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4
Q

where is the oral cavity proper in the oral cavity?

A

space behind the teeth

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5
Q

which glands have a capsule?

A

major

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6
Q

what are the major salivary glands?

A

Parotid gland
Submandibular gland
Sublingual gland

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7
Q

What are the minor salivary glands?

A 
Buccal
Labial
Lingual
Molar
Palantine
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8
Q

what are found surrounding the acini of the minor glands?

A

plasma cells and lymphocytes

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9
Q

what are the 4 parts of the salivon?

A

acinus
intercalated duct
striated duct
excretory duct

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10
Q

what are the 3 types of acini?

A

serous
mucous
mixed

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11
Q

what part of the salivon is well developed in serous glands?

A

intercalated ducts

striated ducts

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12
Q

what part of the salivon is NOT well developed in mucous glands?

A

intercalated ducts

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13
Q

what is the large duct of the parotid gland that enters the oral cavity?

A

Stensen’s duct

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14
Q

secretory units of the parotid duct are completely _____ and surround numerous, long _____

A

serous; intercalated ducts

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15
Q

what is mumps?

A

a viral infection of the parotid gland that could damage the facial nerve

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16
Q

what is the main duct in the submandibular gland?

A

Wharton’s duct

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17
Q

what kind of the gland is the submandibular gland?

A

predominately serous

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18
Q

what kind of gland is the sublingual gland?

A

predominately mucous gland

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19
Q

what are the 5 main functions of saliva?

A 
controls bacteria
digests carbs
moistens food and oral cavity
stimulates taste buds
buffers
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20
Q

what enzyme lyses bacteria in saliva?

A

lysozyme

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21
Q

what bacteria digests carbs in saliva?

A

Alpha- amylase

22
Q

what immunoglobulin is found in saliva?

A

IgA

23
Q

What are myoepthelial cells?

A

contractile cells that move secretory products toward the excretory duct

24
Q

what two rings are tonsils organized into?

A

tonsillar ring

Waldeyer’s lymphatic ring

25
Q

where is the masticatory mucosa?

A

in the hard palate + gums

26
Q

what are the 2 types of epithelium in the masticatory mucosa?

A

keratinzed stratified squamous epithelium

parakeratinized epithelium

27
Q

what is parakeratinized epithelium?

A

similar to keratinized but the superficial cells do not loose their nuclei

28
Q

what does the keratinized epithelium in the masticatory mucosa lack?

A

stratum lucidum

29
Q

what type of epithelium is the lining mucosa?

A

generally nonkeratinized but may be parakeratinized

30
Q

what are the 3 layers in the nonkeratinized epithelium?

A

stratum basale
stratum spinosum
stratum superficiale

31
Q

melanocytes are derived from what origin?

A

Neural crest cells

32
Q

what are merkel cells?

A

modified epidermal cells in the stratum basale

33
Q

how do the muscle fibers of the tongue run?

A

in three planes perpendicular to one another

34
Q

what are the smooth dark bulges on the posterior side of the dorsal tongue?

A

lingual tonsils in the lamina propia

35
Q

what divides the tongue into anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3?

A

terminal sulcus

36
Q

what is the apex of the terminal sulcus?

A

foramen cecum

37
Q

what are the papillae that are only really found in bunnies?

A

foliate papillae

38
Q

which papillae look like mushrooms?

A

fungiform papillae

39
Q

which papillae look like a large dome and have a moat around them?

A

circumvallate papillae

40
Q

which papillae are the smallest and most numerous?

A

filiform papillae

41
Q

what is the small opening at the apex of the taste bud?

A

taste pore

42
Q

what are the 3 cell types in taste buds?

A

neuroepithelial cells
basal cells
supporting cells

43
Q

what are neuroepithelial cells in taste buds?

A

cells from the basal lamina to the taste pore w/ microvilli that synapse w/ CN 7, 9, and 10

44
Q

what origin is enamel?

A

ectodermal

45
Q

what origin are most structures of the teeth?

A

mesoderm/ neural crest cells

46
Q

what are the 3 specialized layers of teeth?

A

enamel
dentin
cementum

47
Q

what secretes dentin?

A

odontoblasts

48
Q

what is cemtum?

A

thin, pale, yellowish layer of calcified AVASCULAR tissue covering teh dentin of the root of tooth

49
Q

what secretes cementum?

A

cementocytes

50
Q

what is the only sensory modality recognized by teeth?

A

pain (nerve fibers are unmyelinated)

51
Q

where do nerve fibers and blood vessels enter teeth?

A

apical foramen

52
Q

what is the gomphosis of the tooth?

A

the tooth, socket, and periodontal ligament (peg in socket joint)

Cell Bio Block 3 (9 decks)

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