Respiratory System Flashcards
(33 cards)
What are the parts of the respiratory portion of the of the respiratory system?
Respiratory bronchioles
Alveolar ducts
Alveoli
What are the parts of the conducting systems of the resp. System?
Nasal cavity Nasopharynx Larynx Trachea Bronchi Bronchioles Terminal bronchioles
What are the two main functions of the conducting portion of the respiratory system?
Condition air
Conduct air
What is the epithelium of the conducting portion?
Ciliated Pseudostratified columnar epith. W/ goblet cells
What are brush cells?
Columnar cells with micro villi + nerve endings for sensory function
What are basal cells?
Small cells that do not go up to the surface
Reserve cells that can differentiate into cell types
what is a small granular cell?
has dense core granules and is a neuroendocrine
what is the epithelium of the vestibule of the nose?
(transitions) nonkeratinized to respiratory epithelium
what are swell bodies?
venous plexuses on the mucosa of the conchae in the nasal fossae that swell alternatively to block airflow on that side and prevent drying out
what is the epithelium of the olfactory mucosa?
pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium
what secretes a fluid that covers the olfactory surface?
Bowman’s glands
what are olfactory cells
bipolar neurons that are chemoreceptors
what does the cartilage of the larynx do?
helps maintain an open airway
aids in producing sounds
what is the larger cartilage in the larynx made of?
hyaline
what is the smaller cartilage in the larynx made of?
elastic
what part of the larynx is lined w/ stratified squamous epithelium instead of respiratory epithelium?
Lingual + apical epiglottis
True vocal cords
what is the epithelium of the bronchi?
respiratory epithelium
what makes up the wall of the bronchi?
plates of cartilage
elastic fibers
smooth muscle (beneath epithelium)
what largely makes up the walls of bronchioles?
smooth muscle and elastic fibers
scattered goblet cells
what are the 2 types of epithelium in the bronchioles?
ciliated pseudostratified columnar
simple ciliated columnar/ cuboidal
where are Clara cells found?
in the bronchiolar epithelium
what do Clara cells do?
secrete surface acting substances + proteins to prevent oxidative damage
what are neuroepithelial bodies?
groups of cells w/ secretory granules that receive nerve endings
what do neuroepithelial bodies do?
chemoreceptors that react to gas composition changes
repair/renew epithelial cells after injury
