Diseases Flashcards
How do tumours form
Changes take place in genes
= uncontrolled growth and mitosis
Define a benign tumour
Growths if abnormal cells which are found in one area
= contained within a membrane
= stay in one place
Define a malignant tumour
Malignant cells invade neighbouring tissue and move into bloodstream
= classed as a cancer
= spread to other parts of body
What’s radon
Radioactive gas which increases risk of cancer
= cause cells to undergo uncontrolled cell division
= lead to cancer
Cancers linked to lifestyle
Smoking
= lung cancer
Alcohol
= mouth and throat cancer
UV light
= skin cancer
Cancers linked to genetics
Breast cancer
Prostate cancer
Large intestine cancer
Describe a communicable disease
Can be spread from person to person
Spread by pathogens
Define health
State of physical and mental well being
Define epidemiology
Studying patterns of disease to determine risk factors
How does smoking affect cancer
Contains chemicals which damage DNA and increase risk of cancer
= carcinogens
Issues with samples
Samples are bias as not measuring whole population
Examples of non communicable diseases
- Not caused by pathogens
Cardiovascular diseases
Type 2 diabetes
Most types of cancer
Risk factors of cardiovascular diseases
Diet high in fat and low in veg
=increases certain types of cholesterol in blood
= increases rate of fatty acid build up
Diet high in salt
= increase blood pressure
= increase risk of disease
Smoking
Risk factors if lung cancer
Smoking
= contains chemicals which can trigger cancers
Risk factors of babies
Smoking when pregnant
= increases risk of miscarriage and premature birth
Alcohol when pregnant
= cause fetal alcohol syndrome
= child can have learning difficulties etc
