Digestive System Flashcards
Describe digestion
Large food molecules broken down into small molecules by enzymes
= small molecules can be absorbed into bloodstream
Process of digestion
- food chewed in mouth
- enzymes in saliva digest starch into small sugar molecules
- food down oesophagus into stomach
- in stomach enzymes digest proteins
- stomach contains hydrochloric acid to help enzymes digest proteins
- churning action of stomach muscles turns food into fluid
= increase surface area for enzymes for digest - fluid passes into small intestine from liver and pancreas
- pancreas release enzymes to digest starch, protein and lipids
- liver releases bile
- walls of small intestine release enzymes and small food molecules absorbed into bloodstream by diffusion or active transport
Bile function
Speed up digestion of lipids
Neutralises acid released from stomach
Function of active site
Where substrate attaches to
Where do we find proteas
Stomach
Small intestine
Pancreas
Describe proteins when digested
Proteas convert protein back into individual amino acids
= re absorbed into bloodstream
What are carbs like starch made of
Glucose
What breaks down carbs
What breaks down starch
Carbohydrates
Amylase
What is produced when carbs digested
Simple sugars
Where do we find amylase
Saliva
Pancreatic fluid
What are lipids made of
Molecule of glycerol attached to molecules of fatty acids
What enzyme breaks down lipids
Lipase
What do lipase produce
Glycerol and fatty acids
Where do we find lipase
Pancreatic fluid and small intestine
Where is bile made and stored
Liver
Gall bladder
