Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Y4 FA - Small ruminants > Diseases of the neonatal lamb 1 > Flashcards

Diseases of the neonatal lamb 1 Flashcards

(45 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Define neonatal period

A

The period immediately after birth
1-2 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define the perinatal period

A

The period around parturition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When are neonatal losses most likley to occur?

A

At lambing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Intra-partum defines which period?

A

0-24hrs after birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name some intra-partum problems affecting lambs

A
  • Born dead
  • ‘Birth stress’ resulting in a failure to suck, hypothermia etc.
  • Anoxia/hypoxia
  • Ruptured liver
  • Fractured ribs
  • Brain haemorrhage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name some post-partum problems affecting lambs

A
  • Hypothermia
  • Starvation
  • Infections
  • Predation
  • Congenital defects
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name some post-partum infections of lambs

A
  • Watery mouth
  • Salmonella
  • Cryptosporidia
  • Septicaemia
  • Joint ill
  • Clostridial disease
  • Pasturella
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name some ewe risk factors for lamb losses

A
  • Genetics
  • Mothering ability: dystocia, milk porduction
  • Ewe health
  • Ewe nutrition
  • Number of lambs
  • Stress
  • Vaccination
  • Colostrum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Name some lamb risk factors for lamb losses

A
  • Birth weight
  • Congenital abnormalities
  • Lamb vigour
  • Vaccination
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Name some environmental factors for lamb losses

A
  • Hygiene
  • Equipment: tagging, feeding, castration
  • Naval dipping
  • Shelter
  • Weather
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How much colostrum should be given in
1. first feed
2. over 24hrs

A
  1. 50ml/kg
  2. 200ml/kg
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How can success/failure of passive transfer be assessed?

A

IgG
Serum total protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are some risk factors for poor colostrum intake?

A
  • Concurrent disease: dystocia, lameness, fluke
  • Breeding
  • Age of ewe
  • Multiple births
  • Environment: stress, weather, mis-mothering
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What can be used to assist milking single ewes for colostrum?

A

10-15iu oxytocin IM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe goat colostrum as a substitute for lambs

A
  • Good antibody spectrum
  • Similar energy content
  • Must be CAE negative flocks
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does CAE stand for?

A

Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis - viral disease of goats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Describe cow colostrum as a substitute for lambs

A
  • Johnes and TB -ve
  • Less energy so need 30% more
  • immunological anaemia can occur but not common
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are some risk factors for primary hypothermia?

A
  • Outdoor lambing
  • Younger ewes
  • Wet weather
  • Small birth weight
  • Failure to feed
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How can primary hypothermia be prevented?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Genetics
  • Ewe nutrition
  • Field shelter
  • Identify at risk lambs and give special attention
  • Lamb coats
20
Q

How should you treat a lamb with primary hypothermia?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Don’t warm a hypoglycaemic lamb without giving glucose first: will have hypoglycaemic fit
  • Oral fluids to hypothermic lambs can cause regurgitation and inhalation pneumonia or asphyxia
  • Use i/p glucose
21
Q

Describe the clinical signs of watery mouth

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Dull
  • Unwilling to suck
  • Normothermic
  • ‘watery mouth’ - saliva drooling from the muzzle.
  • Profuse lacrimation
  • Frequently accompanied by abomasal tympany
  • Scouring unusual: constipation/retained meconium often present
22
Q

Watery mouth most commonly affects lambs at what age?

Study These Flashcards
A

12-72 hours old

23
Q

Describe the prognosis of watery mouth

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Death within 24hrs
  • High mortality
24
Q

What may be seen on the PM of a lamb with watery mouth?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Few abnormalities recorded
  • Abomasum distended with gas, saliva and clots of milk
  • Inflammatory changes throughout the GIT
25
Name three differentials for watery mouth
- Lamb dysentery - Neonatal scours - Drunken lamb syndrome
26
Describe the pathogenesis of watery mouth
- Endotoxaemia: possibly due to the death of large numbers of gram -ve bacteria - Terminal hypoglycaemia, lactic acidemia and leucopenia - Delayed abomasal emptying
27
Targeted oral antibiotics for prevention of watery mouth may be appropriate if...?
- lambs are born into groups where there have been recent clinical cases - triplet or low birth weight lambs born into a challenging environment or at the end of the lambing period
28
When are antibiotics not appropriate in watery mouth disease?
- Whole flock treatment - Unlicensed products
29
How can watery mouth be prevented?
- Promoting adequate volumes of good quality colostrum: stomach tube if necessary - Clean dry bedding - Cleaning and disinfection
30
What is the pathogenic cause of lamb dysentery?
Clostridium perfringens type B toxins
31
Lambs are affected by lamb dysentery at what age?
1-3 days old
32
What are the signs of lamb dysentery?
- Sudden death - Haemorrhagic diarrhoea
33
What will be seen on the PM of a lamb with dysentry?
- Dark red intestines - Blood stained peritoneal fluid - Pale friable liver
34
How can lamb dysentery be prevented?
- Vaccination of ewes - Good passive transfer of maternally derived antibodies
35
Name two species of salmonella that infect lambs
S.tymphimurium S.dublin
36
Describe the pathogenesis of salmonella spp
- Bacteraemia and endotoxaemia - Intestinal inflammation - Reduced absorption - Increased secretion
37
What are the clinical signs of a salmonella infection in lambs?
- Weakness - profuse watery diarrhoea - Blood stained faeces - Dehydration - Death
38
Name 2 zoonotic infections of lambs
Salmonella Cryptosporidium
39
Describe the pathogenesis of cryptosporidium
Villous atrophy in the distal SI - Malabsorption, secondary fermentation and diarrhoea
40
How is cryptosporidium in lambs treated?
Supportive oral fluid therapy
41
Drunken lamb syndrome is also known as?
- Lamb nephrosis - Lamb D-lactic acidosis syndrome
42
What are the clinical signs of drunken lamb syndrome?
- Ataxia - Stop sucking - Recumbent - Depressed - High mortality (100%)
43
At what age do clinical signs of drunken lamb syndrome present?
7-10 days and 1-2mo
44
What would be seen on the clinical biochemistry of a lamb with drunken lamb syndrome?
Increased - urea, creatinine, chloride, potassium and D-lactate Decreased - bicarbonate
45
How can drunken lamb syndrome be treated?
400ml of warm tap water 35 g of sodium bicarbonate 50ml given as a single oral bolus

Y4 FA - Small ruminants (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions