Disorders of Pituitary Gland Flashcards
(23 cards)
The following are the hormonal imbalances/disorders of the Anterior Pituitary. Give the following reasons for each
- Addison’s disease
- Cushing’s syndrome
- Gigantism & acromegaly
- Pituitary Dwarfism
- Panhypopituitarism
- Addison’s disease (hypoproduction of ACTH)
- Cushing’s syndrome (hyperproduction of ACTH)
- Gigantism and acromegaly (excess GH)
- Pituitary dwarfism (GH deficiency)
- Panhypopituitarism -Generalized deficiency of all anterior pituitary hormones
Hormonal disorders of posterior pituitary
- Diabetes insipidus - deficient ADH leading to excessive urination
- Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) - Excess ADH causes water retention and hyponatremia.
Deficient ADH leading to excessive urination
DIABETES INSIPIDUS
Excess ADH causes water retention and hyponatremia.
SIADH
Hypofunction of the anterior pituitary gland
HYPOPITUITARISM
Overproduction of GH in adults & children results to:
Overproduction of GH in
Adults = Acromegaly
Pedia = Gigantism
Surgical removal of the tumor
Hypophysectomy
These are benign and slow growing, and are categorized into:
- Primary & Secondary
- Functional vs. Nonfunctional
PITUITARY TUMORS
- Hyperfunction of the anterior pituitary gland
- Commonly involves ACTH or GH
- Results in Cushing Syndrome (Overproduction of ACTH)
- Overproduction of growth hormone
HYPERPITUITARISM
Medications used to treat pituitary tumors
- Bromocriptine
- Octreotide
- Lanreotide
Differentiate Functional from Nonfunctional Tumors
- Functional - tumors that secretes hormones
- Nonfunctional - tumors that does NOT secrete hormones
Types of Pituitary Tumors and its problems (3)
EBC
- Eosinophilic - Gigantism or acromegaly
- Basophilic tumors - Cushing’s syndrome
- Chromophobic - hypopituitarism, visual disturbances
Hypofunction of the posterior pituitary gland resulting in deficiency of ADH
DIABETES INSIPIDUS
2 main signs & symptoms of DI
- Polydipsia
- Polyuria
DI due to head trauma, tumors, or surgery
CENTRAL DI
Pituitary tumor resulting to Cushing’s syndrome
BASOPHILIC
Types of DI and its causes
CND
1.Central DI - Due to head trauma, tumors, or surgery
- Nephrogenic DI - Due to kidney dysfunction
- Dipsogenic DI - Hypothalamic dysfunction
Pituitary tumor resulting to gigantism or acromegaly
EOSINOPHILIC
Pituitary tumor resulting to hypopituitarism and visual disturbances
CHROMOPHOBIC
DI due to kidney dysfunction
NEPHROGENIC DI
DI due to Hypothalamic dysfunction
DIPSOGENIC DI
What findings are usually associated with diabetes insipidus
- Polydipsia
- Polyuria
- Low specific urine gravity
Failure of negative feedback mechanism that regulates release & inhibition of ADH
SIADH
