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Electrivity In Esthetics Flashcards

(75 cards)

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1
Q

Thermal effect def and description

A

Produces heat or warmth
Friction generated from rubbing hands together creates a thermal or heating effect
Mild heat relaxes muscles and increases blood circulation
Intense heat destroys cells and tissue

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2
Q

Pyrolysis def

A

Thermal breakdown of the skin; evident when a blister forms on burned skin

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3
Q

Three ways heat can be transferred form one object to another

A

Conduction
Convection
Radiation

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4
Q

Conduction def

A

Transfer of heat via direct contact

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5
Q

Convection def

A

Transfer of heat via liquid or gas

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6
Q

Radiation def

A

Transfer of heat through a vacuum (empty space)

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7
Q

Effects of a steamer on skin

A

Moist heat increases desquamation
Activates enzymes used for exfoliation
Loosens trapped debris
Increases vasodilation of capillaries
Transferred by convection

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8
Q

Effects of the Lucas Spray Pulverizer on skin

A

Increases hydration by delivering herbal ingredients and moist heat
Increases vasodilation of capillaries
Transferred by convection

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9
Q

Effects of electric mask/heated mitts and booties on skin

A

Hydrate by enhancing product absorption
Increase vasodilation
Relax muscles
Transferred by conduction

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10
Q

Effects of high frequency on skin

A

Disinfection
Increase microcirculation
Transferred by conduction

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11
Q

Mechanical or magnetic effect

A

Transfer of mechanical energy flows from the motor to the attachment

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12
Q

Thermal devices

A

Steamer
Lucas spray pulverizer
Electric mask/heated mitts and booties
High frequency

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13
Q

Mechanical devices

A

Rotating brush
Vacuum spray
Microdermabrasion

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14
Q

Effects of rotating brush on skin

A

Loosens trapped debris
Exfoliates skin
Increases vasodilation of capillaries
Energy drives brush head

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15
Q

Effects of vacuum spray on skin

A

Balances pH by delivering toner to the skin
Loosens trapped debris Increases microcirculation
Energy drives motor to create airflow or vacuum
Attachments determine vacuum or spray action

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16
Q

Effects of microdermabrasion on skin

A

Exfoliates skin
Increases microcirculation
Energy drives motor to create airflow or vacuum
Attachments determine vacuum or spray action

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17
Q

Electrochemical effect def

A

Created when electric current travels through a solid electrode and liquid conductor

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18
Q

Electrochemical devices

A

Galvanic device
Microcurrent

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19
Q

Effects of a galvanic device on skin

A

Deep cleansing
Stimulation of microcirculation
Soothing and tissue tightening
Enhances product absorption
Reduction of erythema
Direct current uses active electrodes to deliver negative or positive charge; results based on charge

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20
Q

Anaphoresis def and charge

A

Desincrustation
Negative pole

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21
Q

Cataphoresis def and charge

A

Iontophoresis
Positive pole

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22
Q

Effects of microcurrent on skin

A

Tissue tightening
Stimulation of microcirculation and muscle motor points
Enhances product absorption
Soothes nerve endings
Direct current (modified) delivered with two electrodes
Movements performed with electrodes help determine results

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23
Q

Combination effect def

A

Achieved when two or more effects of electric energy are produced at the same time

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24
Q

Combination effect devices

A

Ultrasonic spatula
Multi-function machine

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25
Ultrasonic spatula description
Aids in exfoliation (mechanical) while generating heat to increase microcirculation (thermal)
26
Multi-function machine description
Features a combination of different electrical units (steamer, brush, vacuum spray, and high frequency)
27
Electrotherapy def
Use of electricity for therapeutic purposes
28
Typical physical therapy results
Reduction in pain and edema (swelling) Muscle and nerve stimulation
29
Esthetics electrotherapy devices improve the skin’s appearance by
Stimulation Product application enhancement Deep cleansing
30
Electrotherapy currents
Direct current Alternating current Pulse and frequency
31
3 types of direct current
Galvanic Faradic Pulsed direct current Alternating current
32
Galvanic def
Uninterrupted direct current; polarity varies Used in galvanic devices and microcurrent devices
33
Faradic def
Interrupted direct current; visibly stimulates muscles Used in electrical muscle stimulation devices (EMS)
34
Pulsed direct current def
Direct current with one polarity; varying intensities and waveforms Used to stimulate muscles and in some microcurrent devices
35
Types of alternating current
Sinusoidal High frequency
36
Sinusoidal def
Alternating current with sine waveforms and low frequency (<50 Hz) Used in electrical muscle stimulation (EMS)
37
High frequency def
Alternating current with HF (<200,000 Hz) Used in high frequency devices
38
Pulse def
Length of time that current is flowing Used in conjunction with waveforms and frequency Used in microcurrent and EMS
39
Frequency def
Number of electrical pulses delivered to the body in one second Measured in kilohertz (kHz)
40
Phototherapy def
Light therapy Produces beneficial effects on the skin
41
Electromagnetic radiation def
Energy in the form of waves or particles of electric and magnetic fields
42
The effects of light are dependent on
The device Absorption in the skin Wavelength
43
Photothermal def
Prolonged heating of tissues with light to cause ablation (removal or death of the tissue)
44
Ablation def
Removal or death of the tissue
45
Selective photothermolysis def
Selective heating and destruction within the tissue of chromophores (target_
46
Example of a photothermal device
IPL hair removal devices
47
Photochemical def and example
Reaction with light and molecules in the body that cause a chemical change or cellular stimulation Formation of vitamin D within the skin
48
Photo-bio stimulation (photochemical reaction) def and ex
Relates to the use of a low-heat device to stimulate cellular processes LED light therapy
49
Photomechanical def
Short pulses of light and heat break up target molecules
50
Light-tissue interaction def
Helps explain how light effects the body
51
light-tissue interaction on the skin happens as
Scattering Reflection Transmission Absorption
52
Scattering def
Photons hit the surface and are scattered; depth of light penetration is limited
53
Reflection def
Photons hit the surface and bounce back
54
Transmission def
Photons penetrate the surface; skin color impacts the transmission
55
Absorption def
Photos are absorbed by chromophores in tissue; this generates heat or stimulates cellular processes
56
Concerns for photosensitivity
Medications Disease Topical products that can cause the skin to be more sensitive to light
57
Electromagnetic radiation def
Waves of electrons
58
Waves are measured from
The crest of one wave to the crest of another
59
Electromagnetic spectrum def
Range of all wavelengths produced by radiant energy
60
The shorter the wavelength, the ______ _______ the wave is carrying
More energy
61
10% of natural sunlight is composed of ________ rays beyond ______ (________ ____)
10% of natural sunlight is composed of invisible rays beyond violet (ultraviolet UV)
62
UV is responsible for
DNA damage and skin damage
63
White light def
Combination light
64
Types of combination light
Fluorescent Incandescent LED
65
Fluorescent light description
Economical and long-lasting light source Can create “blue” tones or “cool” casts on the objects it lights, or on the same objects, warm/neutral casts Can be irritating to some people
66
Incandescent light description
Produces redder tones or a warmer cast Comes from an incandescent light bulb (not LED) More expensive to operate and replace than fluorescent; creates closest substitute for natural sunlight Can create excessive heat
67
LED light description
Available in neutral, cool, or warm casts Come to full brightness with no need to warm up Are close to being adopted as the mainstream light source
68
Esthetic professionals use invisible light to produce
Photothermal and photochemical effects
69
Types of invisible light
Infrared (IR) Ultraviolet (UV)
70
Infrared light description and cautions
Increases circulation Increases skin gland secretions Relaxes muscles Stimulates cell and tissue activity Exposure times range from 5-15 min Light should be placed ~30” away from face or body Client is required to wear eye pads or protective eye forms
71
Ultraviolet light description and caution
Has a shorter wavelength and can be more damaging that IR light Has positive and negative effects on the skin depending on exposure time Small doses of UV light helps the body produce vitamin D UV light is germicidal and can kill bacteria Overexposure can result in skin cancer, dry or leathery skin, peeling, itching, wrinkling, sagging, and permanent discoloration
72
UVC wavelength description
Shortest length Absorbed by the ozone
73
UVB wavelength description
“You will burn” Shorter rays Stimulates melanin production Known as the burning rays
74
UVA wavelength description
“You will age” Longest UV ray Destroys collagen and elastin fibers Known as the aging rays
75
Factors to consider with UV rays
Altitude Latitude Time of year Time of day

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