Emergency Medicine

Question 1

causes of PEA(pulseless Electrical activity)
5H´s
5T´s

NORMAL EKG and NO PULSE

Answer 1

hypovolemia
hypoxia
hydrogen ion:acidosis
hyper/hypo: K, 
hypotermia
tablets: drug overdose,ingestion
tamponade
tension pneumotorax
thrombosis:coronary
thrombosis:pulmonary embolism

Question 2

Parkland Formula

Answer 2

4xKGx %BSA

give 50% for 8 hr remaining 50% over the following 16 hours.

Question 3

the 5 W of posoperative fever

Answer 3

Wind:atelectasis,pneumonia
water:ITU
wounds:wound infection,abscess
Walking:DVT
Wonder drugs: drug reaction
womb:endometritis

Question 4

hypertermia

Answer 4

> 40C or 104F>

Question 5

shock types with increase PCWP

Answer 5

CARDIOGENIC
-chf
-arrythmia
-structural heart disease
OBSTRUCTIVE
-cardiac tamponade
-tension pnuemotorax
-massive pulmonary embolism

Question 6

contraindications for gastric lavage

Answer 6

altered metnal status
caustics
acetaminophen averdose

Question 7

benzodiazepine overdose

Answer 7

DO NOT GIVE FLUMAZENIL(can cause seixures)

Question 8

toxic dose of acetaminophen

Answer 8

8-10gr

Question 9

faltal dose of acetaminophen

Answer 9

12-15gr.

Question 10

carbon monoxide results in PO2

Answer 10

NORMAL PO2 because oxygen does not detach from hemoglobin, also in methemoglobin

Question 11

most accurate test in CO poisoning

Answer 11

carboxyhemoglobin level

Question 12

acid-base distrubance in CO poisoning

Answer 12

metabolic acidosis

Question 13

causes of methemoglobinemia

Answer 13

benxocaine
nitrites and nitroglycerin
dapsone

Question 14

best initial treatment for methemoglobin

Answer 14

100% oxygen

Question 15

most accurate treatmetn for methemoglobin

Answer 15

methylene blue

Question 16

electrolite anormality associated with increase risk for digitalis toxycity

Answer 16

hypokalemia

Question 17

strongest indication for digoxin-binging antibodies

Answer 17

CNS and cardiac involvement

Question 18

nausea,vomiting, hyperkalemia,yellow halos around objects

Answer 18

digoxin toxicity

Question 19

iron chelators

Answer 19

succimer(ORAL)_
ethylendiaminetetraacetic acid(EDTA)
dimercaprol(BAL)

Question 20

mercury chelator

Answer 20

diMERCaprol

succimer

Question 21

treatmetnn for alchohol intoxication

Answer 21

fomepizole

-ONLY dialysis is going to remove the alchol.

Question 22

snake bite

Answer 22

pressure,inmmobilization, antivenin

Question 23

trauma andLoss of conciousness

Answer 23

DO A CT with out contrats

Question 24

best inital step in hypotermia

Answer 24

EKG(J WAVES)

Question 25

drowning

Answer 25

NO STEROID NO ANTIBIOTIC

Question 26

VF

Answer 26

shock,drug,shock,drug and CPR at all times in between the shocks

Question 27

pulseless

Answer 27

VF VF asystole( give CPR and epinephine) Pulseless electrical activity

Question 28

irregularly irregular rhythm

Answer 28

atrial fibillation

Question 29

hemodynamically unstable with atrial arrhythmia

Answer 29

synchronized cardioversion(if chornic ANTICOAGULATE before cardioversion)

Question 30

standar of care for atrial fibrillation

Answer 30

rate control and anticoagulation - CHADS 1 or less=ASAS - CHADS 2 or more=warfa,dabigatran,rivaroxaban or apixaban

Question 31

most accurate test for WPW

Answer 31

electrophysiology studies