Flashcards in nephro Deck (44):
1
ATN
drugs vs contrast
-Constras its instant(PRERENAL lab valued on Na and osmolarity with ATN BUN:creatinite relation)
----BUN:Cr(
2
ATN
asossiated drugs
vancomycin
aminoglycosides
cisplatin
acyclovir
cyclosporine
amphotericin
3
hepatorenal labs
prerenal azoemia
-BUN/cre(>20:1)
-FeNA500 mOsm/kg
4
contrast induced Lab values
BUN/Cr
5
AIN drugs
Penicillins
Sulfas
phenytoin
PPI
Rifampin
quinolones
allopurinol
6
fever
hematuria
sudden onset of flank pain
NSAID use antecedent
papillary necrosis
7
TTP association
HIV
cancer
cyclosporine
ticlopidine
clopidogrel
8
TTP treatment
plasmapheresis
if not present give FFP
DO NOT GIVE STEROIDS OR PLATELETS
9
psychogenic polydipsia assiation
bipolar disorder
10
SIADH sx Treatment
asymptomatic
confusion:
normal saline + DIURETIC
11
hyperkalemia . best next step?
do EKG
if EKG changes
give
-Ca gluconate
-Ca chloride
-insuline
12
persistent WBC on UA with negative culture...
can be TB
13
useful to detect eosinophils in urine
Wright and Hansel
-the answer for allergic interstitial nephritis
14
Hematuria DDX
-stones
-hematologic disorders
-infection
-cancer
-treatment(cyclophosphmide)
-trauma
-GLOMERULONEPHRITIS
15
dysmorphic red cells
GLOMERULONEPHRITIS
16
hematuria with out infection or trauma
DO a Cystoscopy ( for cancer exclusion)
17
retroperitonela fibrosis
bleomycin,methylsergide or radiation
POSTRENAL AZOEMIA
18
most common cause of intrinsic renal disease
ATN
-NSAID(MOST COMMON)
-aminoglycoside,amphotericin
-cisplatin, cyclosporine.
19
enlargement of the bladder and massive diuresis after foley
specific for urinary obstruction
20
best imagen test for AKI
Renal sonogram
21
Medication for renal failure prophilaxis PRIOR chemotherapy
-Allopurinol
-Rasburicase
-Hydratation
22
rhabdomyolysis
UA positive for blood cells,no cell will be seen on microscopic examination
23
hepatorenal syndrome treatment
midodrine
octreotide
albumin
24
most accurate test in papillary necrosis(pyelonephritis like but negative culture)
CT scan(abnormal internal structures)
25
most common cause of acute glomerulonephritis in USA
Berger Disease
26
nephrotic syndrome in cancer
membranous
27
nephrotic syndrome in injection and AIDS
focal-segmental
28
best initial test for DI
water deprivation test, the most accurate is ADH ADMINISTRATION TEST
29
hyponatremia(hypervolemia,euvolemia,hypovolemia)
with Hypervolemia
Cirrhosis
nephrosis
CHF
30
hyponaremia with hypovolemia
-pseudohyponatremia(hyperglycemia)
-psychogenic polydipsia(12-24 L/day)
-hypothyroidism
-SIADH
31
for every 100 of glucose above abnormal, there ir a ...... decrease in sodium
1.6
32
mental disease associated with psychogenic polydiosia
bipolar disorder
33
if K does not correct ...
check for hypoMg
34
nephrolithiasis
pass spontaneosly
35
stones7-7mm
nifedipine and tamsolusin
36
stones from 0.5cm to 3
lithotripsy
37
most effective lifestyle modification for hypertension
WEIGHT LOSS
38
best inital therapy for hypertensive crisis
Labetalol or nitroprusside
39
metabolic acidosis with hyperkalemia
RTA 4
40
dysmorphic or RBC cast
glomerular disease
41
alport syndrome most accurate test
SKIN biopsy
42
non anion gap hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis
look for a RTA
43
RTA type 1 cause
-amphotericina B
-analgesic nephropathy
-multiple myeloma
-obstruction of the urinary tract
44