ENDOCRINE PRELIMS PLATING Flashcards
(20 cards)
According to the ADA and WHO, diagnostic criteria for diabetes includes the following excepet
A. Fasting plasma glucose 126 mg/dl
B. A random plasma glucose 200 mg/dL (in a patient with classic hyperglycemic signs as discussed later
C. A 2 hour plasma glucose during an OGTT with a loading dose of 100g
D. A glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level 26.5%
C. A 2 hour plasma glucose >200 mg/dL during an OGTT with a loading dose of 100 (it should be 75 g)
What is the feature of type 2 diabetes
A. insulin resistance in peripheral tissues failure of compensation by B cells
Most common pancreatic endocrine neoplasm that often produces sufficient insulin to induce clinically significant hypoglycemia
B cells tumor
Which is a rare pancreatic endocrine neoplasm producing serotonin
pancreatic carcinoid tumors
which cell present in islets but also scattered throughout the exocrine pancreas exerts GI effects such as stimulation of secretion of gastric and intestinal enzymes and inhibition of intestinal motility
PP cells
D1 cells that elaborate vasoactive intestinal (VIP) hormone has the following characteristics, except:
induces hypoglycemia
The following are characteristics of Diabetes disorder (T1D and T2D), related to its pathogenesis except
monogenic forms of diabetes are common and are caused by single-gene defects that result in primary B-cell dysfunction or lead to abnormalities of insulin-insulin receptor signaling
The ff are mechanisms have been implicated in promoting B-cell dysfunction in T2 except
A. deficient FFAs that compromise B-cell function and attenuate insulin release (lipotoxicity)
A 20/F teacher complains of lack of feeling and tingling of his hands and feet and some sort of numbness of her lips. PE reveals hyperactivity of facial muscles manifested by twitching of the ipsilateral facial muscles on percussion over the branches of the facial nerve. What are the expected serum levels of calcium and PTH hormone in this case
decreased PTH and calcium
A 25/M teacher was admitted with a history of high-grade fever with chills and vomiting of eight days’ duration along with skin rash over the abdomen and trunk for the last 3 days.
on the 2nd hospital day he developed a hemorrhagic rash. On examination he was noted to be unstable and cyanosis was present. Neurological examination revealed Kernig and Brudzinski signs. Microscopic exam of CSF collected showed a cell count of 9400/mm3, with 85% polymorphs and 15% lymphocytes. Culture of CSF revealed the growth of Neisseria meningitidis. CT scan confirmed adrenal hemorrhage. Fourth hospital day patient succumbed to death. Which did the patient have?
Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome
What is the most common cause of hyperpituitarism
pituitary adenoma
Which type of thyroid carcinoma arises from C cells and secretes calcitonin
Medullary carcinoma
What is the main cause of Sheehan syndrome
pituitary infarction due to obstetric hemorrhage
which is the characteristic feature of diabetes insipidus
hypernatremia
primary function of calcitonin
decrease serum calcium levels
A 65/M presents with a rapidly enlarging neck mass, hoarseness and dysphagia. FNAB reveals pleomorphic tumor cells with p53 mutations. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Papillary thyroid carcinoma
Chvostek’s and trousseau signs are classic finding in which disorder
hypoparathyroidism
A 28/F presents with amenorrhea, galactorrhea, and headaches. Lab tests reveal elevated prolactin levels. MRI shows a 1.2 cm mass in the sella turcica. What is the most likely diagnosis
Lactotroph adenoma
Which antibody is commonly found in grave’s disease
thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin
What is the key histologic feature of hashimoto’s thyroiditis
lymphoid infiltrates with germinal centers
