English and Language Usage Comprehensive

Question 1

You may only used pronouns once a _____ is introduced first

Answer 1

noun

Question 2

Compare a common noun from a proper noun

Answer 2

A common noun is a group of people/places/things, whereas proper nouns are names of specific person/places/things

Common Noun Example: Boat, Cat, Library
Proper Noun: Texas, Tom Holland, White House

Question 3

Compare definite from indefinite pronouns

Answer 3

Definite pronouns: refer to specific people, places, things (I, He, She, This, That)

Indefinite pronouns: refer to general, non specific people, places, things (Someone, Somebody, Something, Somewhere)

Question 4

Compare Present Perfect, Past Perfect, and Future Perfect

Answer 4

Present Perfect:* “Have/Has” + Past participle verb*; past action continues into future (usually ends -ed/-en) [I have driven in the snow many times]

Past Perfect: “Had” + Past participle verb; used to talk about something that happened before something else that was also int the past [It has already snowed before I left]

Future Perfect: “Will have” + Past participle verb; used to describe action/state that wil happen after the action/state of main verb [It will have snowed 6 inches by the end of the day]

Question 5

What do prepositions tell you?

Answer 5

Shows the relationship between an object and another word in a sentence by telling you where something is/when something happened

Question 6

In the sentence “The cat slept under the warm blanket during the thunderstorm” which two words are prepositions?

Answer 6

Under
During

Question 7

In “After lunch, we’ll walk along the beach towards the lighthouse,” how many prepositions are there?

Answer 7

3

• After
• Along
• Towards

Question 8

Identify whether its Present Perfect, Past Perfect, or Future Perfect

“She has lived in New York for five years.”

Answer 8

This is present perfect, using “has” + past participle “lived”.

Question 9

Identify whether its Present Perfect, Past Perfect, or Future Perfect

“They had completed the project before the deadline.”

Answer 9

This is past perfect, using “had” + past participle “completed”.

Question 10

Identify whether its Present Perfect, Past Perfect, or Future Perfect

“By this time next year, I will have earned my nursing degree.”

Answer 10

This is future perfect, using “will have” + past participle “earned”

Question 11

Identify the simple subject in the sentence

The colorful flowers in the garden bloomed beautifully.

Answer 11

flowers

simple subject = main noun/pronoun sentence is about, w/o modifiers

Question 12

Identify the simple subject in the sentence

A group of students visited the museum last week.

Answer 12

group

simple subject = main noun/pronoun sentence is about, w/o modifiers

“of students” is a prepositional phrase that modifies “group”, so group is the main noun performing the action (“visited”)

Question 13

What is a prepositional phrase?

Answer 13

starts with a preposition and ends with the object of the preposition, including any modifiers.

Question 14

Identify the prepositional phrase

He arrived at the airport in the morning.

Answer 14

at the airport, in the morning

Question 15

Identify the prepositional phrase

The children played near the playground.

Answer 15

near the playground

Question 16

Identify the prepositional phrase

The students of the school walked to class,

Answer 16

of the school

Preposition: of
Object of the preposition: the school

Prepositional phrase modifies “students”

Question 17

Identify the simple and complete subject

Dacing brings joy and happiness to my life

Answer 17

Simple Subject: Dancing
Complete Subject: Dancing

Question 18

Identify the simple and complete subject

The elderly couple sitting on the park bench shared heartwarming stories from their youth.

Answer 18

Simple Subject: Couple
Complete Subject: The elderly couple sitting on the park bench

Question 19

Identofy the Compound Subject

The sun and the moon were visible in the sky.

Answer 19

The sun and the moon

Compound Sibject = 2/+ simple subjects joined by conjugation (FANBOYS)

Question 20

Identify the subject in a Here/There sentence

1) There is a book on the table.
2) There is a new student in our class.

Answer 20

1) book
2) student

Sentences starting w/ “there”/”here,” subject usually follows the verb

Question 21

Which of the following is an imperative sentence?

a) John and Sally go to the store
b) I went back home after a long day at school
c) Close the door
d) Although she was tired, she still continued to do her homework

Answer 21

C, because imperative sentences is when the verbs subject is understood, but is not actually present in the sentence. “[YOU] Close the door” has the subject of the implied “you”

Question 22

The ____ explains/describes a subject (basically everything in the setnence that is NOT the subject)

Answer 22

predicate

Question 23

Identify the SImple Predicate in the setnence

The team is practicing hard for the upcoming match.

Answer 23

is practicing
(linking verb + verb)

Question 24

# Identify the SImple Predicate in the setnence The chef will prepare a special dish for tonight's dinner

Answer 24

will prepare (linking verb + verb)

Question 25

# Identify the Simple and Complete Predicate My friend baked a delicious cake for the party.

Answer 25

**Simple Predicate**: baked **Complete Predicate**: baked a delicous cake for the party

Question 26

A ______ verb is when one verb follows another that usually share a subject | ExL John runs and lifts weights

Answer 26

compound

Question 27

When attempting to idenitfy the subject of a setnence, what steps should you take before it to help identify it?

Answer 27

Identify the verb/verb phrase (ex: is, are, am, was, were) Ask: Who/what before the verb? = that is your subject

Question 28

A complete predicate includes the simple predicate (verb) and...

Answer 28

all of the other words that describe the action

Question 29

What is it called when a word ending in -ing acts as a noun?

Answer 29

Gerund

Question 30

# What are the compound simple subjects in the sentence? "This preservation of favourable variations and the rejection of injurious variations [are called] Natural Selection." (Origin of Species)

Answer 30

Preservation and Rejection

Question 31

When two subjects are separated by "or" or "nor," we always match the subject that is _____ to the verb

Answer 31

closest

Question 32

# Which of the following words correctly completes the sentence? Neither the utensils nor the loaf of bread ___ on the table. A) Goes B) Go C) Were D) Been

Answer 32

**A**. When two subjects are separated by "or" or "nor," we always match the subject that is closest to the verb. The "loaf of bread" is closest to the verb, and the simple subject is "loaf." "Loaf" is singular, so we need a singular verb. Words ending in -s are singular.

Question 33

Words that end in...... are singular indefinite pronouns

Answer 33

- -one (someone, anyone) - -body (somebody, everybody) - -thing (nothing, everything)

Question 34

# Identify if theses pronouns are singular or plural Each

Answer 34

Singular

Question 35

# Identify if theses pronouns are singular or plural Much

Answer 35

singular

Question 36

# Identify if theses pronouns are singular or plural Neither/Either

Answer 36

Singular

Question 37

# Identify if theses pronouns are singular or plural Another/Other

Answer 37

Singular

Question 38

# Identify if theses pronouns are singular or plural Few/Many

Answer 38

Plural

Question 39

# Identify if theses pronouns are singular or plural Both

Answer 39

Plural

Question 40

# Identify if theses pronouns are singular or plural Others

Answer 40

Plural

Question 41

# Identify if theses pronouns are singular or plural Several

Answer 41

Plural

Question 42

# Subject-Verb Agreement EXCEPTION: For indefinte pronouns that are singular/plural, look at what follows ___

Answer 42

"of" | All of the cookies are gone

Question 43

# Subject-Verb Agreement Titles of single entities (books, companies, and countries) are _______ (singular/plural)

Answer 43

singular

Question 44

# Subject/Verb Agreement Time and distances usually require a _____ (Singular/plural) verb

Answer 44

singular

Question 45

# Subject/Verb Agreement When discussing an amount of money, use a ______ (singular/plural) verb When referring to individual dollars, use a _______ (singular/plural) verb

Answer 45

Money amount = singular Dollar bills = plural

Question 46

T/F: Percentages and fractions are always singular, regardless of the context

Answer 46

False, percentages and fractions can either be singular or plural, depending on the context

Question 47

What are the indefinite pronouns that can be singular OR plural, depdning on what follows "of"

Answer 47

All Any More Most None Some Such

Question 48

What are the steps in identifying the direct and indirect object in a sentence.

Answer 48

**Direct Object** (Recieves action of verb) - Identify the verb - Identify the subject - Find by asking "who/what" receives the action of the verb **Indirect Object** (Recieves the direct object) - Identify the verb - Identify the subject - Identify the Direct Object - Find by asking "To/For whom/What"

Question 49

# What is the indirect object? The teacher explained the lesson to the students

Answer 49

**The students** Explained = verb Teacher = subject Who/What was explained? = the lesson (Direct Object) To who was the lesson explained? = the students

Question 50

# What is the direct object? John gave Mary a book

Answer 50

**Book** Verb = gave Subject = John Who/What was given? = the book (direct object)

Question 51

How does a clause and phrase differ from each other?

Answer 51

**Clause** - group of words that contains BOTH subject and predicate (verb) **Phrases** - group of words that either has a noun OR verb, but NOT BOTH

Question 52

What is a relative clause?

Answer 52

A type of dependent clause that starts with a relative pronoun (that, who, which, whom, whomever, whose) that give more information about a noun | The book **that is on the table** is mine