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Enzymes and Other Important Proteins Flashcards

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1
Q

Highly selective (very specific) organic catalysts produced by living organisms

A

Enzymes

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2
Q

t/f: Enzymes bind to reactants (inhibitors) and convert them to products

A

false. reactants are SUBSTRATES

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3
Q

t/f: Enzymes are recyclable

A

true. they return to their original form and state, once the reaction is completed

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4
Q

enzymes exert their catalytic reactions by _________ the activation energy of a reaction

A

LOWERING the activation energy

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5
Q

enzymes act best between ___ and ___

A

35 C and 40 C

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6
Q

enzymes are denatured over _______ and in moisture by formaldehyde and iodine

A

65 C

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7
Q

t/f enzymes has negligible activity at 0 C

A

true

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8
Q

class of enzymes based on type of reaction catalyzed

A

OTHLIL

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9
Q

class that cleave molecules thru hydrolysis (breaking bonds in presence of water)

A

Hydrolase

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10
Q

class that catalyze REDOX reactions

A

Oxidoreductases

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11
Q

class that transfer chemical or functional groups from one substance to another

A

Transferases

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12
Q

class that split molecules or remove a group from the substrate without hydrolysis, leaving double bonds in molecular structure of the product

A

Lyase

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13
Q

enzymes under Hydrolases (PEG)

A

Peptidases, Esterases, Glycosidases

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14
Q

complete enzyme

A

Holoenzyme

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15
Q

incomplete enzyme, completed with addition of cofactors

A

Apoenzyme

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16
Q

vitamins

A

Organic

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17
Q

Carbohydrases or Amylolytic Enzymes

A

DA-IS-M
Z-E-My

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18
Q

Found in digestive tract of animals
(animal diastases)

A

Diastase and Amylase

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19
Q

Salivary diastase / ptyalin;
pancreatic diastase / amylopsin

A

Diastase and Amylase

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20
Q

converts starch to maltose

A

Maltodiastase

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21
Q

Found in yeast, intestinal juices

A

Invertase or Sucrase, Maltase

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22
Q

converts sucrose to glucose + fructose

A

Invertase or Sucrase

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23
Q

Converts monosaccharide to alcohol + CO2

A

Zymase

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24
Q

Fermenting enzyme

A

Zymase

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25
- Converts amygdalin to benzaldehyde + glucose + HCN - Converts salicin to saligenin + glucose
Emulsin (Under cyanogenic and alcoholic glycosides)
26
Maltose to glucose
Maltase
27
Found in mustard
Myrosin (under isothiocyanate glycosides)
28
Found in amygdalin
Emulsin (Under cyanogenic and alcoholic glycosides)
29
Converts sinalbin and sinigrin
Myrosin (under isothiocyanate glycosides)
30
Esterases
LPSU
31
Lipolytic enzyme found in pancreatic juice
Lipase
32
Fat to glycerin + FA
Lipase
33
pectin to pectic acid + methanol
Pectase
34
Digests dietary fat
Steapsin
35
Found in soybean
Urease
36
urea to ammonia
Urease
37
Proteolytic Enzymes
PeT - RPa
38
acts only in acidic pH (with HCl)
pepsin
39
protein to proteoses and peptones
pepsin
40
Acts best at alkaline pH
Trypsin
41
trypsin is a proenzyme trypsinogen activated by ?
enterokinase
42
pepsin: first stage in _________ trypsin: second stage in _________
pepsin: first stage in STOMACH trypsin: second stage in SMALL INTESTINE
43
Coagulating enzyme in stomach of mammals
Rennin
44
t/f rennin curdles trypsin in milk
false. rennin curdles CASEIN in milk
45
Act in acidic, neutral, and alkaline pH
Papain
46
vegetable pepsin
Papain
47
Found in unripe fruit of Carica papaya
Papain
48
1) Meat tenderizer, digestant 2) Relieves episiotomy (surgical incision of vulva) 3) Ingredient in cleansing solutions for contact lenses
uses of Papain
49
Oxidizing Enzymes
PT
50
Catalyzes oxidation reactions and cause DISCOLORATION IN BRUISED FRUITS
Peroxidase
51
convert fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin clot
Thrombin
52
Enzyme for Use: digestive aid, for preparation of predigested food
Pancreatin
53
Use: intestinal absorption of fat, controls steatorrhea (cannot absorb fats
Pancrelipase
54
enzyme for Use: treatment of herniated lumbar intervertebral discs, relieves lower back pains
Chymopapain
55
Protein digesting, milk-clotting enzyme
Bromelains
56
More concentrated form of pancreatin
Pancrelipase
57
Hydrolyze hyaluronic acid; spreading / diffusing factor
Hyaluronidase for injection
58
From bacteria, snake venoms, head of leeches
Hyaluronidase for injection
59
enzyme for Use: promotes diffusion and hastens absorption (diabetic foot ulcer)
Hyaluronidase for injection
60
convert plasminogen to plasmin
Streptokinase
61
degrades fibrin clot
plasmin
62
enzyme for Use: treatment of pulmonary embolism, thrombosis
Streptokinase
63
t/f: When used, your body automatically produce antibodies. It can only be used ONCE.
true
64
same as streptokinase; from human urine, human kidney cells
Urokinase
65
Use: for wound debridement from Bacillus subtilis
Sutilains
66
Use: cleaves collagen, for wound debridement, remove scars (ID) from Clostridium histolyticum
Collagenase
67
Use: induce remissions in acute leukemia; obtained from E. coli
L-Asparaginase
68
L-Asparaginase brand name
Elspar
69
Antitumor effect: degrades L-asparagine Result: death to those cells which require amino acid
L-Asparaginase
70
3-OH-L-tyrosine
Levodopa
71
Use: parkinsonism (akinesia and rigidity relieved)
Levodopa
72
AE: N&V, orthostatic hypotension, p granulocytes
Levodopa
73
Use: neutralizes heparin
Protamine sulfate
74
From sperm / testes of fish from genus Oncorhynchus
Protamine sulfate
75
Sulfated glycosaminoglycans
Heparin
76
Use: anticoagulant (prolong clotting time)
Heparin
77
Degradation product of penicillin-type antibiotic
Penicillamine
78
Penicillamine use
1. Metal chelating agent for Wilson's disease (copper poisoning) 2. RA
79
Formed from the partial hydrolysis of collagen from skin, white connective tissue from bones of animals
Gelatin
80
gelatin is lacking
tryptophan
81
gelatin uses
1) Encapsulating agent 2) Ingredient in glycerinated gelatin (suppository) 3) Topical protectant (zinc gelatin)
82
Catgut suture, surgical catgut, surgical gut
Absorbable surgical suture
83
Sterile strand from collagen
Absorbable surgical suture
84
Absorbed by living mammalian tissue
Absorbable surgical suture
85
Resistant to action of living mammalian tissue
Non-absorbable surgical suture

PCOG (12 decks)

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