Epidemiology and GI disease- public health Flashcards
(13 cards)
What is epidemiology?
The study of how often diseases occur in different groups of people and why.
What is incidence rate?
The number of new cases of a disease occurring in a population during a specific period of time divided by the number of persons exposed to risk of developing the disease during that time. Usually expressed per 1000.
What is the prevalence rate of a disease?
The number of cases of a disease present in a population at a specific point in time divided by the number of persons at risk of having the disease at that point in time.
What is an endemic disease?
a disease that is found in a specific geographic region or a specific race of people.
What is an epidemic disease?
Epidemic describes a disease that is widespread, affecting an atypically large number of individuals within a population, community, or region at the same time.
What is a pandemic disease?
What is the difference between a pandemic and an epidemic?
a pandemic covers a much wider geographical area, often worldwide. A pandemic also infects many more people than an epidemic. An epidemic is specific to one city, region or country, while a pandemic goes much further than national borders.
What does morbidity mean?
The rate of illness
What does mortality mean?
The rate of death
What is a zoonosis?
Give examples
a disease, primarily of animals, that is occasionally transmitted to humans
Examples: avian and swine flu
What is a reservoir, in the context of infectious diseases?
A source of viable infectious agents from which individuals may be infected.
What is a vector?
An agent (usually insect or animal) able to carry pathogens from one host to another
What is a vehicle, in the context of infectious diseases?
A non-living source of pathogens that infect large numbers of individuals (food, water, etc)
Which GI condition is there screening for?
Colorectal cancer
Sreening is bi-annually from the age of 50
