Epithelium

Question 1

where are microvilli located

Answer 1

• GI tract

- kidney

Question 2

where are stereocilia located

Answer 2

• epididymis

- ear cochlea

Question 3

which apical modifications increase surface area

Answer 3

• microvilli

- stereocilia

Question 4

which apical modifications move substances

Answer 4

cilia

Question 5

where are cilia located

Answer 5

• respiratory system

- oviduct

Question 6

what are microvilli made of

Answer 6

actin filaments

Question 7

actin-binding proteins of microvilli

Answer 7

• fimbrin

- fascin

Question 8

lateral anchoring proteins of microvilli

Answer 8

myosin I

Question 9

amorphous apex of microvilli

Answer 9

villin

Question 10

cilia core made of

Answer 10

axoneme (9 doublets + 1 doublet microtubules)

Question 11

what kind of arms for cilia

Answer 11

dynein arms

Question 12

cilia function

Answer 12

transport materials along surface - beating

Question 13

consequence of primary ciliary dyskinesia (immotile cilia)

Answer 13

• dextrocardia
• no mucus removal from lungs
• infertility
• impaired skull sinuses

Question 14

3 cell junctions

Answer 14

• tight (occluding) junctions
• anchoring junctions
• communicating (gap) junctions

Question 15

zonula occludens type

Answer 15

• cell to cell
• tight junction
• belt

Question 16

zonula adherens

Answer 16

• actin filaments<>actin filaments

- anchoring junction

Question 17

macula adherens (desmosome)

Answer 17

• intermediate filament<>intermediate filament

- anchoring junction

Question 18

zonula occludens function

Answer 18

prevent diffusion (block paracellular pathways)

Question 19

zolnula occuldens location

Answer 19

• stomach (secretory)

- kidney (absorptive)

Question 20

anchoring junctions function

Answer 20

• stability
• mechanical strength
• connect cell filaments

Question 21

zonula adherens filaments

Answer 21

actin filaments

Question 22

zolnula adherens transmembrane link protein

Answer 22

cadherin

Question 23

macula adherens filaments

Answer 23

intermediate filaments

Question 24

what do intermediate filaments of macula adherens bind to?

Answer 24

intracellular plaque

Question 25

macula adherens transmembrane link protein

Answer 25

cadherin

Question 26

pemphigus

Answer 26

autoimmune disease of cell junctions for middle aged patients

Question 27

pemphigus presentation

Answer 27

mucous membrane blistering, widespread skin

Question 28

pemphigus cause

Answer 28

desmoglein (cadherin) can't anchor the cells because antibodies for desmosomal proteins

Question 29

2 connexons with 6 protein subunits each (connexions)

Answer 29

gap junctions

Question 30

most common gap junction locations

Answer 30

- epithelia - cardiac and smooth muscle - embryonic tissues

Question 31

gap junction function

Answer 31

transport small molecules and ions

Question 32

basal lamina make up

Answer 32

- from epithelium - laminin - collagen type 4

Question 33

reticular lamina make up

Answer 33

- from connective tissue | - collagen type 3

Question 34

cell attachment connects actin filaments to basement membrane

Answer 34

focal adhesion

Question 35

cell attachment connects intermediate filaments to basement membrane

Answer 35

hemidesmosome

Question 36

focal adhesion peripheral protein

Answer 36

talin

Question 37

focal adhesion transmembrane protein

Answer 37

integrin

Question 38

hemidesmosome attachment before basement membrane

Answer 38

intracellular plaque

Question 39

hemidesmosome transmembrane protein

Answer 39

integrin

Question 40

which epithelium has dome cells

Answer 40

transitional epithelium

Question 41

endocrine gland features

Answer 41

- secretion into blood/lumph (internal) - NO ducts - hormone production

Question 42

exocrine gland features

Answer 42

- secretion to surface | - ducts

Question 43

exocrine gland types

Answer 43

- holocrine - apocrine - merocrine

Question 44

holocrine function

Answer 44

cell destruction (release whole cell) ex: Sebaceous gland

Question 45

apocrine function

Answer 45

apical cytoplasm pinching (release vesicle) ex: Mammary gland

Question 46

merocrine function

Answer 46

exocytosis (no cell part lost) ex: goblet cells, pancreas

Question 47

3 types of merocrine glands

Answer 47

- serous - mucous - mixed

Question 48

serous merocrine secretions

Answer 48

protein

Question 49

mucous merocrine secretions

Answer 49

water (mucins)

Question 50

serous gland cell structure

Answer 50

- active (euchromatic) nucleus - dark secretory granules - lots of ER

Question 51

what color do serous glands stain?

Answer 51

dark

Question 52

serous gland location

Answer 52

- pancreas | - parotid salivary gland

Question 53

mucous glands cell structure

Answer 53

- inactive (heterochromatic) nucleus - pale secretory glandules - little RER

Question 54

what color do mucous glands stain

Answer 54

pale

Question 55

mucous gland function

Answer 55

protection and lubriction

Question 56

mucous gland location

Answer 56

- Brunner's glands (stomach) | - Goblet cells (respiratory & intestine)

Question 57

unicellular exocrine glands function

Answer 57

-secrete mucous

Question 58

unicellular exocrine glands location

Answer 58

- goblet cells - intestine - respiratory tract

Question 59

which type of exocrine gland is along columnar epithelial cells?

Answer 59

unicellular exocrine glands

Question 60

which gland has an alveolar secretory part?

Answer 60

serous

Question 61

which gland has tubular secretory part?

Answer 61

mucous

Question 62

which gland has tubuloalveolar secretory part?

Answer 62

mixed

Question 63

what kind of tissue for carcinoma?

Answer 63

barrier epithelial tissue

Question 64

what kind of tissue for adenocarcinoma?

Answer 64

glandular tissue

Question 65

what are the arms attached to doublets composed of?

Answer 65

dynein

Question 66

what does a mutation in a gene encoding keratin affect?

Answer 66

macula adherens (desomosme)

Question 67

what has intermediate filaments connected to basal lamina?

Answer 67

hemidesmosome

Question 68

what causes a reduction in bronchial epithelium?

Answer 68

cilia

Question 69

Zonula adherens actin-binding protein?

Answer 69

Vinculin (a-protein)

Question 70

Zonula adherens peripheral protein?

Answer 70

Catenin

Question 71

Which is a tighter link, zonula adherens or macula adherens?

Answer 71

Macula Adherens (desmosomes)

Question 72

Mixed seromucous glands consist of which types of cells?

Answer 72

- mucous cells (tubules) | - serous cells (serous demilunes)

Question 73

What kind of gland is the submandibular salivary gland?

Answer 73

mixed (seromucous) gland

Question 74

2 types of exocrine glands

Answer 74

- unicellular (goblet cells) | - multicellular (mucous, serous glands)