Intrinsic Back & Suboccipital Muscles Flashcards
(79 cards)
1
Q
extrinsic back muscle embryo
A
hypomere of myotome
have to migrate to back
2
Q
intrinsic back muscle embryo
A
epimere of myotome
3
Q
extrinsic rami
A
anterior
4
Q
intrinsic rami
A
posterior
5
Q
extrinsic action
A
control of:
- superficial = limbs
- intermediate = respiration
6
Q
intrinsic action
A
act on vertebral column
7
Q
what muscles does the thoracodorsal fascia compartmentalize?
A
intrinsic back muscles
8
Q
where is the thoracodorsal fascia thicker?
A
lumbar
9
Q
where is the thoracodorsal fascia thinner?
A
thoracic
10
Q
2 superficial layers (spinotransversales) of muscles
A
- splenius capitis
- splenius cervicis
11
Q
9 intermediate layers (erector spinal) of muscles
A
- Spinalis capitis
- Spinalis cervicis
- Spinalis thoracis
- Longissimus capitis
- Longissimus cervicis
- Longissimus thoracis
- Iliocostalis cervicis
- Iliocostalis thoracis
- Iliocostalis lumborum
12
Q
9 deep layers (transversospinales) muscles
A
- Semispinalis cervicis
- Semispinalis thoracis
- Multifidus
- Rotatores cervicis
- Rotatores thoracis
- Rotatores lumborum
- Interspinales
- Intertransversarii
- Levator scapulae
13
Q
splenius capitis origin
A
- lower nuchal ligament
- SP lower cervical, upper thoracic
14
Q
splenius capitis insertion
A
- mastoid process
- skull below superior nuchal line
15
Q
splenius capitis action
A
- bilaterally extends head
- unilaterally flexes and rotates face to the same side (ear to shoulder)
16
Q
splenius capitis innervation
A
posterior rami middle cervical nerves
17
Q
splenius capitis blood supply
A
deep cervical artery
18
Q
splenius cervicis orgigin
A
SP upper thoracic
19
Q
splenius cervicis orgin
A
SP upper thoracic
20
Q
splenius cervicis insertion
A
TP upper cervical
21
Q
splenius cervicis action
A
- bilaterally extends neck
- unilaterally flexes and rotates neck to same side (ear to shoulder)
22
Q
splenius cervicis innervation
A
posterior rami lower cervical nerves
23
Q
splenius cervicis blood supply
A
deep cervical artery
24
Q
spinalis origin
A
SP
25
spinalis insertion
SP
26
erector spinae muscle group action
extends and laterally bends vertebral column and head
27
erector spinae muscle group innervation
posterior rami of spinal nerves in each region
28
which spinalis muscle attaches to the mastoid process
spinalis capitis
29
longissimus origin
TP
30
which longissimus muscle attaches to the mastoid process
longissimus capitis
31
longissimus insertion
TP
32
which longissimus muscles attache to the ribs
- longissimus thoracis
| - longissimus lumborum
33
iliocostalis origin
- sacrum
- iliac crest
- supraspinous ligaments
- angles of ribs
34
iliocostalis insertion
TP
35
what are the 2 paired muscles in the deep layer
- levatores costarum
| - interspinales
36
levatores costarum origin
TP upper cervical-lower thoracic
**paired muscle
**spans ~2 ribs
37
levatores costarum insertion
rib below tubercle
38
levatores costarum action
elevates rib
39
levatores costarum innervation
posterior rami of spinal nerves
40
interspinales origin & insertion
between SP of adjacent vertebrae
**paired muscle
41
interspinales action
stabilize vertebrae during movement (postural muscle)
42
interspinales innervation
posterior rami of spinal nerves
43
intertransversarii origin & insertion
between TP of adjacent vertebrae
44
intertransversarii action
stabilize vertebrae during movement (postural muscle)
45
intertransversarii innervation
posterior & anterior rami of spinal nerves
46
semispinalis thoracis origin
TP middle-lower thoracic
47
semispinalis thoracis insertion
SP lower cervical, upper thoracic
**spans 4-6 vertebrae
48
semispinalis cervicis origin
TP upper thoracic
49
3 segmental muscles
- interspinales
- intertransversarii
- levatores costarum
50
semispinalis cervicis insertion
SP upper-middle cervical
**spans 4-6 vertebrae
51
semispinalis capitis origin
- TP lower cervical, upper thoracic
| - articular processes middle-lower cervical
52
semispinalis insertion
medial area between superior and inferior nuchal lines on occipital bone
53
multifidus origin
- sacrum
- erector spinae
- PSIS
- mammillary process of lumbar vertebrae
- TP thoracic vertebrae
- AP cervical vertebrae
54
multifidus insertion
base of SP upper cervical to lower lumbar
**span 2-4 vertebrae
55
which intrinsic back muscles span 4-6 vertebrae?
- semispinalis thoracis
| - semispinalis cervicis
56
which intrinsic back muscle spans ~2-4 vertebrae?
- multifidus
| - levatores costarum
57
rotatores muscles origins
TP/AP of each region
58
rotatores muscles insertions
SP of each region
**short = 1 vert away
**long = 2 vert away
59
3 rotatores muscles
- rotatores lumborum
- rotatores thoracis
- rotatores cervicis
60
which muscles unilateral bend the head and neck (ear to shoulder)
- iliocostalis cervicis
- longissimus capitis
- longissimus cervicis
- splenius capitis
- splenius cervicis
- intertransversarii
61
muscles that unilaterally bend the head and neck (ear to shoulder) attach to what?
TP
62
which muscles bilaterally extend the head and neck?
- semispinalis cervicis
- iliocostalis cervicis
- splenius cervicis
- levator scapulae
- splenius capitis
- multifidus
- longissimus capitis
- semispinalis capitis
- trapezius
63
muscles that bilaterally extend the head attach to what?
SP
64
which muscles ipsilaterally rotate the head and neck (look over shoulder)?
- rotatores
- semispinalis capitis
- semispinalis cervicis
- splenius cervicis
- contralateral = sternocleidomastoid
65
which muscles bilaterally extend the back?
- erector spinae
- multifidus
- semispinalis throacis
66
which muscles unilaterally flex the back (lean to the side)?
- iliocostalis thoracis
- iliocostalis lumborum
- longissimus thoracis
- multifidus
- external oblique
- internal oblique
- quadratus lumborum
- rhomboids
- serratus anterior
67
which muscles unilaterally rotate the back (lawn mower)?
- rotatores
- multifidus
- iliocostalis
- longissimus
- external oblique with opposite internal oblique
- splenius thoracis
68
sprain
injury to ONLY ligamentous tissue
69
sprain symptoms
pain, swelling, bruising, not able to move joint, may hear pop
**ankle
70
sTrain
injury to muscle or tendinous fibers
71
strain symptoms
pain, muscle weakness, swelling, trouble moving muscles, muscle spasms
**lower back/posterior thigh
72
spasm
involuntary movement (due to injury/inflammation)
73
4 muscles of suboccipital triangle
- rectus capitis posterior minor
- rectus capitis posterior major
- obliquus capitis superior
- obliquus capitis inferior
```
roof = semispinalis capitis
floor = posterior arch C1 and posterior atlanto-occipital membrane
```
74
suboccipital triangle contents
- vertebral artery
| - suboccipital nerve
75
what muscles extend at the Atlanta-occipital joint?
- rectus capitis posterior minor
- recuts capitis posterior major
- obliquus capitis superior
- splenius capitis
- longissimus capitis
- ascending part of trapezius
**maybe proprioception
76
obliquus capitis inferior action
rotation of face to same side
77
blockage of what artery can cause light headedness or dizziness when turning head
vertebral artery (suboccipital triangle and transverse foramen)
78
which muscles will be affected by injury to the suboccipital nerve between the vertebral artery and posterior arch of atlas?
- rectus capitis posterior major
- rectus capitis posterior minor
- semispinalis capitis
- obliquus capitis superior
- obliquus capitis inferior
79
which muscle is affected by pain and trouble straightening back up after bending forward?
iliocostalis lumborum
