Evolution and Ecology

Question 0

What is an individual living thing called?

Answer 0

Organism

Question 1

What is the study of interactions between living organisms and their surroundings?

Answer 1

Ecology

Question 2

What includes all members of a species that live in the same area at the same time?

Answer 2

Population

Question 3

What is made up of all populations living and interacting in one area?

Answer 3

Biological community

Question 4

What includes the biological community and its surrounding physical environment?

Answer 4

Ecosystem

Question 5

What is the part of Earth that supports life, where all ecosystems are found?

Answer 5

Biosphere

Question 6

What is the particular place where an organism can survive?

Answer 6

Habitat

Question 7

What two factors define a habitat?

Answer 7

Temperature and precipitation

Question 8

What is a factor that plays the greatest role in determining an organism’s range?

Answer 8

Critical factor

Question 9

Why do you die when your body temperature gets too high?

Answer 9

Heat causes proteins in the human body to denature so they don’t work properly.

Question 10

What are the three types of adaptations?

Answer 10

Physical, Behavioral, and Physiological

Question 11

What adaptation revolves around structural differences in coloration, body shape, and musculature?

Answer 11

Physical adaptations

Question 12

What adaptation involves migration and marking territory?

Answer 12

Behavioral adaptation

Question 13

What adaptation includes skin tanning and occurs at the cell or tissue level in an organism?

Answer 13

Physiological adaptation

Question 14

What are the small advantageous mutations that accumulate over countless generations known as?

Answer 14

Evolution

Question 15

What is the process where individuals with better suited genes are going to survive and reproduce more successfully?

Answer 15

Natural selection

Question 16

What is the primary source of the genetic variety behind natural selection and evolution?

Answer 16

Random mutations or changes in DNA

Question 17

What are the three forms of evidence of evolution?

Answer 17

Physical similarities, comparing DNA, and vestigial structures

Question 18

What are some examples of physical similarities?

Answer 18

Most animals have similar bones in their limbs

Question 19

How does human DNA compare to that of chimpanzees and bonobos?

Answer 19

The DNA is 99% similar

Question 20

What are vestigial structures?

Answer 20

Structures that still exist in the body but no longer serve a function

Question 21

What advantage does Sickle-cell anemia provide?

Answer 21

It provides an immunity to malaria

Question 22

Where is Sickle-cell anemia most common?

Answer 22

Sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, and India

Question 23

How long has life existed on Earth?

Answer 23

3.6-3.8 billion years

Question 24

What is it called when a population splits and becomes two different species?

Answer 24

Divergent speciation

Question 25

What four factors favor natural selection and speciation?

Answer 25

Physiological stress, predation, competition, and sexual selection

Question 26

When does physiological stress occur?

Answer 26

When inappropriate levels of a critical environmental factor are available.

Question 27

What is it called when one organism is hunted and killed by another?

Answer 27

Predation

Question 28

What is competition?

Answer 28

When multiple organisms attempt to use the same resources.

Question 29

When does sexual selection occur?

Answer 29

When the female responds to specific behaviors or physical traits

Question 30

What is it called when natural selection favors unrelated organisms to look similar?

Answer 30

Convergent speciation