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May14 Oral Histology > EX3; Oral Mucosa > Flashcards

EX3; Oral Mucosa Flashcards

(83 cards)

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1
Q

The mouth is lined by what

A

moist mucous membrane (must like the nasal passageway ad GI tract)

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2
Q

What two tissues is the mucous membrane organ composed of

A

epithelium

lamina propria

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3
Q

What is the lamina propria

A

connective tissue (+submucosa sometimes)

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4
Q

What lies in the lamina propria and submucosa

A 
blood vessels (submucosa too)
salivary glands (submucosa most prominenmt location)
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5
Q

What is the function of salivary glands

A

lubricate the surface via ducts

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6
Q

Ducts from both the major and minor salivary glands travel through the connective tissue to communicate with what

A

the mucosal surface

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7
Q

What are the main functions (3) of the oral mucosa

A

protection; barrier and antimicrobial

ingestion

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8
Q

What specific molecule in the oral mucosa is used as an antimicrobial

A

beta-defensins

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9
Q

True or False

The oral mucosa is HIGHLY innervated

A

True

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10
Q

What types of sensations can the oral mucosa detect

A

touch
pain
termal
taste

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11
Q

All oral epithelium is what kind of epithelium

A

stratified squamous epithelium

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12
Q

This is the self-renewing layer of the epithelium

A

deep layers; undergo cell division

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13
Q

This layer migrates and matures, then is sloughed of

A

superficial layer

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14
Q

What is the turnover time of oral epithelium

A

relatively fast

it speeds healing but also makes the tissues more vulnerable to conditions that affect cell division

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15
Q

Diffuse mucositis/ulcer and extensive ulceration can be the effect of what

A

head/neck radiotherapy

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16
Q

Most of the volume of the epithelium is occupied by what

A

cells

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17
Q

What are the most numerous cells in the epithelium

A

keratinocytes

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18
Q

These are pigment cells found in the basal layers

A

melanocytes

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19
Q

These are immune cells found in the supra-basal layers

A

Langerhans (dendritic) cells

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20
Q

These are sensory cells found in the basal layers

A

Merkel cells

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21
Q

Non-keratinocytes are identified as clear cells due to what

A

lack of cytokeratin staining

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22
Q

What are some examples of keratinized and non-keratinized oral mucosa

A 
keratinized = gingiva, hard palate
non-keratinized = alveolar mucosa, soft palate, buccal mucosa
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23
Q

This layer of epithelium is due to the appearance of desomosomes

A

prickle layer

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24
Q

What is the appearance of keratinized epithelium

A

no organelles
dehydrated; flat
tougher

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25
What is the appearance of non-keratinized epithelium
organelles | flexible
26
True or False | All epithelial cells contain keratinocytes, which contain cytokeratins
True; even non-keratinized
27
This is a large multi gene family of proteins, split into type 1 (acidic) and type 2 (basic)
cytokeratins
28
The cytokeratins assemble into what cytoskeletal support element
intermediate filaments
29
What is the structure of the intermediate filaments
central helical core flanked by non-helical ends; coiled heterodimer each cell expresses 2 cytokeratins 10k heterodimers = intermedaite filament
30
What is the strength of the intermediate filaments
they are the strongest cytoskeletal element
31
Intermediate filaments are the intracellular components of what
desmosomes and hemidesmosomes
32
This is a rare, blistering in response to minor trauma, and most severe in epidermis disease
epidermolysis bullosa simplex | mutation in cytokeratin
33
True or False | different epithelial layers and tissues contain characteristic cytokeratins
True
34
Cytokeratin expression can change with what
disease state
35
Mutations in cytokeratin genes can produce what
regionally-specific diseases
36
This type of epithelium is tougher and more impermeable
keratinized
37
This type of epithelium is more flexible
non-keratinized
38
The amount of cytokeratin increases in what, in both non-keratinzied and keratinized epithelium
superficial layers (although more in keratinized)
39
What are two biochemical properties of cytokeratins
promotes aggregation | permits binding with fillagrin
40
What molecule promotes aggregation involving cytokeratins
Tonofibrils
41
What molecule permits binding with fillagrin involving cytokeratins
keratohyalin granules
42
The cytokeratin type in non-keratinized epithelium does not promote what
aggregationg; cannot complex with fillagrin
43
What do the superficial layers of non-keratinized epithelium look like
not flat/dehydrated retain nuclei cytokeratin tonofilaments
44
These are membrane bound organelles filled with gylcolipids first appearing in the upper prickle layer and released in more superficial layers to coat cell
membrane coating granules
45
What do membrane coating granules do
serve as an intercellular barrier to aqueous substances
46
This serves as an effective barrier in keratinized epithelium
differences in chemical composition
47
This is a 15nm cross-linked protein sheath comprised of loricrin and other proteins which is highly permeable to fluids passing
cornified envelope
48
Differences in membrane thickening produces what
an effective paracellular permeability barrier in keratinized epithelium
49
What are two variations in keratinization
incomplete keratinization | hyperkeratinization
50
What is the majority of the lamina propria volume occupied by
ECM
51
What additional cells are present in the lamina propria
fibroblasts macrophages mast cells other inflammatory cells
52
What cells around found in the ECM of lamina propria
PGs and GAGs glycoproteins collagen type I and III elastin
53
The relative amount of type 1:type 3 collagen is greater for what
less flexible regions of the oral cavity
54
This is more prominent in the oral mucosa than in the pulp or PDL
elastin
55
The epithelial/connective tissue interface is considered what
convoluted
56
What makes up the epithelial/connective tissue convoluted interface
epithelial rete pegs connective tissue papillae papillary and reticular layers
57
This component of the gingiva reflects the underlying pegs and connective tissue papillae
stippling
58
This is present under some regions of oral mucosa containing larger blood vessels and nerves supplying LP glands
submucosa
59
What does the submucosa separate the lamina prorpia from
bone and muscle
60
What are the three specialization of the oral mucosa
lining masticatory specialized
61
These structures make up the masticatory mucosa
hard palate | gingiva
62
These structures make up the lining mucosa
``` alveolar mucosa soft palate cheek underside of tongue floor of mouth ```
63
These structures make up the specialized mucosa
dorsal tongue | vermillion border
64
This is non-keratilized epithelium with variable thickness; thicken in the buccal mucosa, thinner in the FOM; short, broad papilla with a present submucosa
lining mucosa
65
What kind of fibers does the lamina propria of the lining mucosa contain more of
elastic fibers
66
What would occur is an incision/injection is made in the lining mucosa
incision; gaping, needs suturing | injection; less painful
67
This part of the lip region is keratinized, thin, blood vessels are close to surface, and no sweat/mucous glands
vermillion border
68
This part of the lip region is keratinized, thinnest, and contains sweat glands and hair follicles
exterior skin
69
This part of the lip region is non-keratinized, thicker, and contains mucous glands
labial mucosa
70
This is keratinized with dense lamina propria with more collagen, with many long thin connective tissue papillae
masticatory mucosa
71
This is variably present in hard palate and not present in rugae, along the midlines raphe, and adjacent to gingiva
submucosa
72
In masticatory mucosa, submucosa is not in gingiva, but what is
mucoperiosteum
73
What would occur is an incision/injection is made in the masticatory mucosa
incision; doesn't not gape, no sutures | injection; painful
74
This is part of free gingiva which faces tooth, generally non-keratinized
sulcular epithelium
75
This forms seal with hard tissues tooth, and is orientated along the long axis of the tooth, around 15-30 cells thick at top and 3-4 at the bottom
junctional epithelium
76
What kind of basement membrane does the junctional epithelium have
straight
77
What is the differenetion level of the junctional epithelium
relatively non-differentiated cells
78
How permeable is the junctional epithelium
highly permeable
79
What are the two basal laminas of the junctional epithelium
external; between JE and LP | internal; between JE and tooth
80
What is absent in the internal basal lamina of the junctional epithelium
collagen components
81
This is a protein expressed in the junctional epithelium
odontogenic ameloblast-associated protein ODAM
82
True or False | Junctional epithelium can regenerate relatively rapid and around dental implants
True
83
This was sued to demonstrate blood vessels in the papillary layer of gingiva
fluorescein angiography

May14 Oral Histology (25 decks)

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