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N1109 - Physical Assessment > Exam 2 - Chpt 14 > Flashcards

Exam 2 - Chpt 14 Flashcards

(61 cards)

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1
Q

part of the body that contains 70% of all sensory receptors in the body

A

eyes

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2
Q

structures of the external eye

A 
palpebra (eyelid)
where conjunctiva meets cornea
caruncle
medial canthus
iris
eyelashes
eyebrow
pupil
sclera (covered with conjunctiva)
outer canthus
palpebral fissure
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3
Q

outer most layer of the eye

A

sclera

cornea

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4
Q

tough, protective, white covering of the eye

A

sclera

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5
Q

part of refracting media of eye, bending incoming light rays so they will be focused on the inner retina

A

cornea

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6
Q

middle layer of the eye

A

choroid
iris
pupil
lens

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7
Q

inner layer of the eye

A

retina
optic disc
retinal vessels
macula

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8
Q

the visual receptive layer of eye where light waves change into nerve impulses

A

retina

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9
Q

what is responsible for central vision?

A

macula

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10
Q

normal refractive condition of the eye

A

emmetropia

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11
Q

light rays focus in front of the retina

nearsightedness

A

myopia

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12
Q

light rays focus behind the retina

farsightedness

A

hyperopia

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13
Q

condition in which the light is spread over a wide area rather than on a distant object

A

astigmatism

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14
Q

normal constriction of pupils when bright light shines on retina

A

pupillary light reflex

*assessing for the bright light to be parrell

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15
Q

adaptation of eye for near vision

A

accomodation

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16
Q

light waves must ___ to focus correctly on the retina

A

bend

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17
Q

refractory structures

A 
cornea
aqueous humor
ant., post. chambers
lens
vitreous
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18
Q

accessory structures of the eye

A 
eyebrow
eyelids
palpebra fissure
outer, medial canthus
meibomian glands
eyelashes
conjunctiva
lacrimal apparatus

**know where the lacrimal gland is located

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19
Q

how many muscles attach eyeball to its orbit and direct eye to points of a person’s interest?

A

6

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20
Q

factors that can influence vision and eye health

A 
age
developmental level
race
ethnicity
occupation
socioeconomics
social well-being
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21
Q

___ is essential to overall health

A

vision

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22
Q

special vision considerations for older adults

A

pupil size decreases
presbyopia
cataracts
visual acuity - esp. night vision

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23
Q

what type of environments to cataracts typically occur?

A

sunny areas

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24
Q

most common causes of decrease visual functioning in older adults

A

cataracts
glaucoma
age-related macular degeneration
diabetic retinopathy

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25
___ are the leading cause of blindness worldwide
cataracts
26
subjective data r/t vision
``` vision difficulties pain strabismus, diplopia redness, swelling watering, discharge hx of ocular problems glaucoma pt-centered care use of glasses, contacts ```
27
most commonly used and accurate eye chart to measure visual acuity
Snellen
28
what does 20/40 vision mean?
20: what the pt can read it at 40: what most people can read it at
29
how far to hold a Jager card
14"
30
what does the confrontation test measure?
peripheral vision
31
how to perform a confrontation test
position yourself at eye level, pt 2' away pt to cover 1 eye, look ahead cover your eye opposite to pt direct finger or pen starting from covered eye, pt to say when they view the object
32
corneal light reflex test is aka
Hirschberg test
33
what does the Hirschberg test do?
assess parallel alignment of eye axes by shining a light towards the pts eyes hold the light 12" away
34
what is an MD looking for when looking through an ocular fundus?
color, shape, margine of optic disc
35
abnormal finding of the eyelids
blepharitis BCC chalazion (noninfectious) Hordeolum (stye; infectious)
36
s/sx of Horedolum and Chalazion
edema redness pain - more painful with stye
37
eyelid abnormalities
``` periorbital edema exophthalmos (protruding eyes) ptosis (drooping upper lid) ectropion (lower lid rolling out) entropion (lower lid rolling in) ```
38
abnormal findings, fundus
diabetic retinopathy HTN retinopathy age-related macular degeneration
39
s/sx of retinal detachment
closing curtain bright light sudden flash with lots of floaters **medical emergency
40
glaucoma is ___ nerve damange
optic --blurred vision; minimally see in the middle
41
caused by narrowed blood vessels decreasing the effectiveness of the macula
macular degeneration --can not see in the middle but can see surroundings
42
visual impairment increases the likelihood of
depression
43
age-related macular degeneration occurs among which race more frequently
Caucasians
44
glaucoma is 5 times more common in which race?
African Americans
45
potential cause for night blindness
vitamin A deficiency
46
eye makeup and applicators should be discharged after ___ months
3
47
inability to accommodate for near vision
presbyopia
48
presbyopia is common it pts over which age?
45
49
precautions used with eye assessment
standard
50
children and non-english speaking pts should use which eye chart?
E chart or chart with figures and images
51
refers to the total area in which objects can be seen in the periphery while the eye remains focused on a central point
visual field
52
which CN is the auditory nerve?
CN VIII
53
beginning of the alimentary canal and digestive system
mouth
54
2 parts of the oral cavity
vestibule | mouth
55
vestibule
anterior, smaller 2 regions -ant: smallest; lips; buccal mucosa; outer surface of gums, teeth, and cheeks -post: tongue; hard, soft palate; uvula; mandibular, maxillary arch
56
organ for taste
tongue
57
the tongue is attached to the floor of the mouth by the ___
frenulum
58
movement of the uvula is r/t proper functioning of which CNs?
CN IX, X
59
ptergium
benign growth on cornea
60
pinguecluae
benign growth on cornea d/t UV rays
61
what can cause subconjunctival hemorrhage
sneezing will self absorb itself

N1109 - Physical Assessment (14 decks)

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