Exam 3 - Musculoskeletal

Question 1

joint is aka as

Answer 1

articulation

Question 2

point where 2 or more bones meet

Answer 2

joint

Question 3

what are the 4 joint classes

Answer 3

fibrous
cartilaginous
nonsynovial
synovial

Question 4

immovable or slightly movable joints

Answer 4

nonsynovial

Question 5

freely moveable; bone are separated, enclosed in a cavity filled with synovial fluid

Answer 5

synovial joint

Question 6

tough fibrous bands that attach muscle to bone or muscle to muscle

Answer 6

tendons

Question 7

types of synovial joints (6)

Answer 7

pivot
hinge
saddle
plane
condyloid
ball-and-socket

Question 8

musculoskeletal order of examination

Answer 8

inspect
palpate
ROM
strength testing

Question 9

if suspected rotator cuff injury, how far should a pt lift their arm

Answer 9

only until they begin to feel pain

trying to see how far they can move it

Question 10

muscle strength testing grading scale

Answer 10

0-5

Question 11

muscle strength test - 0

Answer 11

no muscle contraction

Question 12

muscle strength test - 1

Answer 12

slight muscle contraction

Question 13

muscle strength test - 2

Answer 13

full ROM, passive

Question 14

muscle strength test - 3

Answer 14

full ROM with gravity

Question 15

muscle strength test - 4

Answer 15

full ROM against gravity; some resistance

Question 16

muscle strength test - 5

Answer 16

full ROM against gravity; full resistance

Question 17

pointing the toes towards the nose

Answer 17

dorsiflexion

Question 18

lean head side to side

Answer 18

lateral flexion

Question 19

squeezing the shoulder blades together

Answer 19

scapular retration

Question 20

should elevation

Answer 20

should shrug

Question 21

how to test TMJ

Answer 21

protraction, retraction

side to side movement

Question 22

if a pt has a torn rotator cuff, will they be able to perform abduction of the shoulder

Answer 22

No

Question 23

how to assess elbow ROM

Answer 23

flex at 90 degrees

rotate arm internally (pronate) and externally (supinate)

Question 24

which tests are used to evaluate for carpel tunnel?

Answer 24

Phalen’s

Tinel’s

Question 25

how to perform Phalen's test

Answer 25

hold hands bak to back while flexing wrist 90 degrees hold for 60 seconds

Question 26

abnormal Phalen's test

Answer 26

tingling, parathesia to thumb/index/ring fingers

Question 27

carpel tunnel affects which nerve

Answer 27

median nerve in wrist

Question 28

how to perform TInel's test

Answer 28

palm side up | tap on wrist

Question 29

abnormal TInel's test

Answer 29

tingling, paresthesia to thumb/index/ring finger

Question 30

pt positioning for hip ROM

Answer 30

supine

Question 31

how to assess hip flexion

Answer 31

knee to chest

Question 32

how to assess hip internal rotation

Answer 32

flex knees to 90 degrees | bring heel out as far as possible

Question 33

how to assess hip external rotation

Answer 33

flex knees 90 degrees | bring heel in as far as possible

Question 34

pt positioning for assess hip extension

Answer 34

prone

Question 35

how to assess for hip extension

Answer 35

lift leg upward prone positioning

Question 36

what does a Bulge sign indicate

Answer 36

presence of fluid in the knee

Question 37

how to assess Bulge sign

Answer 37

place on hand superior to patella, push tissue inferiorly other hand presses medial aspect looking for a fluid wave

Question 38

test used on the knee when larger amounts of fluid is present knee effusion

Answer 38

Ballottement

Question 39

test used fro meniscal tears

Answer 39

McMurray

Question 40

how to perform McMurray test

Answer 40

flex knee rotate knee medically a few times (+) locking, pain, crepitus

Question 41

how many vertebrae are there?

Answer 41

26

Question 42

what sections make up the vertebrae?

Answer 42

``` cervical (C 1-7) thoracic (T 1-12) lumbar (L 1-5) sacrum coccyx ```

Question 43

where does the spinal cord stop?

Answer 43

around L5

Question 44

what landmark is used when inspecting the posterior spine?

Answer 44

iliac crest

Question 45

which test is used to eval for herniated disk

Answer 45

Lasegue's test

Question 46

how to perform Lasegue's test

Answer 46

pt supine raise one leg at a time dorsiflex foot (+) low back pack

Question 47

leg measurement should be within __ cm of each other

Answer 47

1 cm

Question 48

when can a cervical collar be removed?

Answer 48

after the neck as been evaluated and no cervical fracture is seen must be cleared by physician

Question 49

what is Dupuytren's contracture

Answer 49

inability to move 4th and 5th fingers severe flexion; no pain during palpation

Question 50

highest incidence of osteoporosis

Answer 50

caucasians

Question 51

lowest incidence of osteoporosis

Answer 51

African Americans

Question 52

when to begin scoliosis screening

Answer 52

10-12 y/o

Question 53

common cause of kyphosis

Answer 53

poor posture

Question 54

defective closure of the vertebral body

Answer 54

spina bifida

Question 55

dimple over a tuft of hair along the spinal column is seen with

Answer 55

spina bifida

Question 56

spina bifida is commonly seen where

Answer 56

lumbosacral area

Question 57

it is normal to see a decrease of ___ inches of height from age 60 +

Answer 57

0.5 inches

Question 58

disease of cartilage caused by continued wear and tear on joints

Answer 58

osteoarthritis

Question 59

osteoarthritis risk factors

Answer 59

``` increasing age female sports, previous injuries occupation, physical jobs obesity repetitive strain on joints ```

Question 60

RA is which type of disorder

Answer 60

autoimmune

Question 61

what occurs with RA

Answer 61

antibodies produced attack the healthy joint tissue

Question 62

RA risk factors

Answer 62

``` genetics smoking bacteria, viruses environmental hormonal female ```

Question 63

when is RA commonly seen

Answer 63

3rd-5th decade of life, and again in the 6th decade

Question 64

RA deformities

Answer 64

Swan-Neck | Boutonniere