Exam 2 - Chpt 15 Flashcards by Ashley Burkhalter

sensory organ that functions in hearing and equilibrium

ear

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what are the 3 portions of the ear

external
middle
inner

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major functions of the ear

collecting, transporting sound vibrations to the brain and maintaining the sense of equilibrium

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what helps move cerumen out of the canal

chewing, talking

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what may become infected in adults after an ear infection?

mastoid process

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what separates the external and middle ear

tympanic membrane aka eardrum

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what connects the middle ear with the nasopharyn

eustachian tube

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conducts sound vibrations from the external ear to the inner ear

middle ear

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spiraling chamber that contains the receptors for hearing

cochlea

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4 sinuses

sphenoid
frontal
ethmoid
maxillary

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functions of the nose and sinuses

provide airway for respiration
filter, warm, humidify air
resonance of the voice
housing receptors for olfactory

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how many adult teeth

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how many deciduous (baby) teeth

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papillae are aka

tastebuds

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responsible for saliva production

parotid
submandibular
sublingual

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where does saliva enter the mouth from the parotid gland

Stensen’s duct located in the buccal mucosa

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where does saliva enter the mouth from the submandibular gland

Wharton’s duct

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cerumen is secreted by which gland

apocrine and sebaceous

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cerumen characteristics

white, grey
yellow, orange-brown
dark brown
flaky, crumbly
wet, sticky
hard

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dry cerumen is common in which race

East Asians

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mixed dry, wet cerumen is common in which races

Native North American
Pacific Islander
Central Asian

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brain is capable of simultaneously integrating information that is received from both ears

binaural hearing

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children begin loosing their teeth by __ and have lost their last one by age __

6; 12-13

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subjective data r/t ear

earache (OLDCART, ICE)
infection (frequency)
discharge
hearing loss (onset)
environmental noise
tinnitus (persistant; meds?)
vertigo
pt-centered care
--how to you clean your ears; last hearing test; hearing aids.

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do you irrigate an ear with hx of or examination suggests perforation or infection?

what is typically used to dislodge cerumen

mineral oil, H2O2 irrigate with warm H2O, bulb syringe, or WaterPik; direct fluid to posterior wall

objective data r/t ear

``` inspect palpate inspect auditory canal examine tympanic membrane Whisper test Rhinne, Weber, Romberg test ```

small, painless nodule at the top of the helix congenital, not signifiant

Darwin's tubule

Large or small speculum for examining the ear canal?

largest that will fit comfortably

what to do with the speculum after each ear, especially if there is discharge

clean it

color of tympanic membrane

translucent, pearl-gray

how far to stand behind the pt when doing a whisper test?

30-60 cm / 1-2 ft

what is used for the weber and rinne test?

tuning fork

tuning fork location for weber test

bridge of FA, nose, or teeth

tuning fork location for rinne test

base, beside the ear

normal finding for weber test

sound heard equally in both ears

normal finding for rinne test

AC > BC

proprioception

otherwise known as kinesthesia, is your body's ability to sense movement, action, and location

abnormal findings: external near

frostbite brachial remnant, ear deformity otitis externa (Swimmer's ear) cellulitis

abnormal lumps, lesions on external ear

``` sebaceous cyst tophi chodrodematitis carcinoma battle sign ```

where are sebaceous cyst commonly located r/t ear

postauricular fold

tophi

small, hard, yellow, nontender nodules - greasy, chalky material of uric acid crystals

battle sign

trauma to side of head may lead to basilar skull fracture --glucose strip to test for CSF

most common place for carcinoma r/t ear

superior rim of pinna d/t most sun exposure

abnormal findings r/t ear cancal

``` excessive cerumen otitis externa osteoma (benign; removable) exostosis furuncle polpy ```

exostosis is commonly seen in these individuals

cold water swimmers found near eardrum; multiple, bilateral; no treatment

furuncle locations r/t ear

tragus or cartilage of ear canal painful, red; will often have regional lymphadenopathy

abnormal findings r/t tympanic membrane

retracted drum | otitis media with effusion (OME)

OME s/sx

fullness transient hearing loss popping with swallowing d/t serous fluid in middler ear; blocked eustachian tube

only externally visible organ of the respiratory system

nose

the nose house with receptors

olfactory

visible portion of the tooth

enamel-covered crown

this CN assist with speech, swallowing

CN XII; hypoglossal

throat is aka

pharynx

subjective data r/t nose

``` discharge frequency: colds, respiratory infections sinus pain trauma epistaxis allergies altered smell ```

subjective data r/t mouth, throat

``` sores, lesions sore throat bleeding gums toothache hoarseness dysphagia altered taste tobacco, alcohol use pt-centered care -dental care pattern -dentures, appliances ```

African American lip color

bluish, dark line on gingival margin

lip abnormalities

``` cleft lip herpes simplex angular chelitis carcinoma cyst ```

causes of cleft lip

family hx | maternal use of dilantin, alcohol, certain drugs

angular chelitis

erythema, scaling, shallow pain fissures at the corner of the mouth

tooth avulsion

traumatic injury

what to do with a adult tooth if it has fallen out

put in milk so it can be implanted if the tooth is dry for > 15 minutes, increase necrosis

ventral surface of the tongue characteritistics

smooth glistening shows veins

where are oral malignancies most commonly found

U-shape under tongue

if lesions are present for any person > 50 with a hx of alcohol, tobacco use, you should

done gloves, palpate lesion

ankyloglossia

aka tongue tie short frenulum limits the mobility and affects speech

tonsil grade 1+

visible

tonsil grade 2+

halfway between tonsillar pillars and uvula

tonsil grade 3+

touching uvula

tonsil grade 4+

touching each other

majority of Native American have what kind of uvula

fish tail

leukoplakia can be caused by...

dipping, chewing | HIV

do you reposition the ear while otoscope is in place

most common place for epitaxis

Kiesselbach plexus in the anterior septum

geographic tongue (migratory glossitis)

unknown cause | normal, mixed coating

smooth, glossy tongue (atrophic glossitis)

slick, shiny surface | mucosa thin

cause of black, hairy tongue

fungus after infection, abx use or heavy smoking

Exam 2 - Chpt 15 Flashcards

(77 cards)