Exam 2: Lecture 36 Flashcards
(41 cards)
What does IL-3 and GM-CSF do?
What does EPO do?
RBC
What does TPO do?
platelets
What does G-CSF do?
promotes differentiation of Neutrophils
What places are hematopoiesis is occurring post-natally?
- vertebral and pelvis
- sternum
- ribs
- femur
- lymph nodes
Name Lympho- hematopoietic organs
- tonsils
- thymus gland
- spleen
- LN
- Peyer’s patches
- blood and bone marrow
T - T and B- B
T cells and thymus
B cell and Bone marrow
What type of biopsies can be conducted for a patient with a blood disorder?
- bone marrow
- LN
What different lab tests for blood diseases? (9)
- CBC
- Differential count
- chemistry profile
- Reticulocyte count
-LDH
-Coombs test - ABO and HLA typing
- coagulation factors
- immunoglobulin analysis
What is the variation of size called? What is the variation of shape called?
- anisocytosis- variation in size
- poikilocytosis- variation in shape
Describe the patterns of Macrocyte
- large RBC
- elevated MVC
- Can be seen in megaloblastic anemia, liver disease, hypothyroidism
Describe the patterns of Target cell
- appears with decreased about of Hb
- iron deficiency
- hemoglobinopathies
Describe the patterns of Pencil cell
- seen in iron deficiency
Describe the patterns of Microspherocyte
- smaller size and loses its central pallor (color)
- MVC typically normal
- hereditary spherocytosis
- autoimmune hemolytic anemia
- hemolytic transfusion rxn
Describe the patterns of Fragments/ schistocytes
- MAHA (TTP, DIC)
Describe the patterns of tear drop
- Myelofibrosis
- infiltrative process
Describe the patterns of Basket cell
- G6PD deficiency
- part of RBC is missing
Describe the patterns of sickle cell
Describe the patterns of microcytes
- lower MVC
- smaller RBC
- iron deficiency
- hemoglobinopathy
Describe the patterns of burr cell / echinocyte
- kidney disease
Describe the patterns of acanthocyte (spur cell)
- liver disease
Describe RBC inclusions
- nucleated RBC- seen in BM because they are immature–> marrow infiltrated process will have these in the periphery
- Basophilic stippling–> result of denatured RNA.. seen in lead poisoning and hemoglobinopathies
- Reticulocyte–> immature RBC indicative of increased red cell turn over (methylene blue)
- HOWELL- Jolly body–> DNA remnant classically seen in patients without a spleen
- Heinz bodies–> denature Hb seen in G6PD (methylene blue)
What are structure patterns you will notice with G6DP?
- heinz bodies
- basket cell
What does flow cytometry note?
- immunophenotyping by flow cytometry –> tell us what antigens are on the WBC surface