Exam 2: Lower Limb lecture vi

Question 1

gluteal muscles: piriformis origin

Answer 1

anterior sacrum

Question 2

gluteal muscles: piriformis insertion

Answer 2

to greater trochanter

Question 3

gluteal muscles: piriformis innervation

Answer 3

nerve to piriformis

Question 4

gluteal muscles: piriformis action

Answer 4

laterally rotate thigh; stabilize hip joint

Question 5

what nerve emerges just inferior to the piriformis

Answer 5

sciatic nerve

Question 6

gluteal muscles: obturator internus, superior gemellus, and inferior gemellus: origin for all 3

Answer 6

from bone surrounding obturator membrane, ischial spine, and ischial tuberosity

Question 7

gluteal muscles: obturator internus, superior gemellus, and inferior gemellus: insertion for all 3

Answer 7

to greater trochanter

Question 8

gluteal muscles: obturator internus, superior gemellus, and inferior gemellus: actions

Answer 8

lateral rotation of thigh and stabilization of hip joint

Question 9

gluteal muscles: quadratus femoris origin

Answer 9

ischial tuberosity

Question 10

gluteal muscles: quadratus femoris insertion

Answer 10

to intertrochanteric crest

Question 11

gluteal muscles: quadratus femoris innervation

Answer 11

nerve to quadratus femoris

Question 12

gluteal muscles: quadratus femoris action

Answer 12

lateral rotation of thigh and hip stabilization

Question 13

posterior thigh muscles: the _, except for the short head of

Answer 13

the hamstrings, except for the short head of biceps femoris

Question 14

posterior thigh muscles: originate on the _ deep to _

Answer 14

except short head of biceps femoris; originate on the ischial tuberosity deep to gluteus maximus

Question 15

posterior thigh muscles: insert on

Answer 15

except short head of biceps femoris; insert on the bones of the leg

Question 16

posterior thigh muscles: span _ joints, extending the _ and flexing the _

Answer 16

except for the short head of biceps femoris; span 2 joints, extending the hip and flexing the knee

Question 17

posterior thigh muscles: are innervated by the _ division of the _ nerve

Answer 17

except for short head of biceps femoris; are innervated by the tibial division of the sciatic nerve

Question 18

posterior thigh muscles: semitendinosus origin

Answer 18

ischial tuberosity

Question 19

posterior thigh muscles: semitendinosus insertion

Answer 19

to medial surface of superior tibia

Question 20

posterior thigh muscles: semitendinosus innervation

Answer 20

tibial division of sciatic nerve

Question 21

posterior thigh muscles: semitendinosus action

Answer 21

extend thigh; flex leg

Question 22

posterior thigh muscles: semimembranosus origin

Answer 22

ischial tuberosity

Question 23

posterior thigh muscles: semimembranosus insertion

Answer 23

to posterior part of medial tibial condyle and lateral femoral condyle as OBLIQUE POPLITEAL LIGAMENT

Question 24

posterior thigh muscles: semimembranosus innervation

Answer 24

tibial division of sciatic nerve

Question 25

posterior thigh muscles: semimembranosus action

Answer 25

extend thigh; flex leg

Question 26

posterior thigh muscles: biceps femoris action

Answer 26

long head only: extend thigh | short head: flex leg

Question 27

posterior thigh muscles: biceps femoris long head origin

Answer 27

ischial tuberosity

Question 28

posterior thigh muscles: biceps femoris long head insertion

Answer 28

to head of fibula

Question 29

posterior thigh muscles: biceps femoris long head innervation

Answer 29

tibial division of sciatic nerve

Question 30

posterior thigh muscles: biceps femoris short head origin

Answer 30

linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur

Question 31

posterior thigh muscles: biceps femoris short head insertion

Answer 31

to head of fibula

Question 32

posterior thigh muscles: biceps femoris short head innervation

Answer 32

common fibular division of sciatic nerve

Question 33

lumbar plexus (in abdominopelvic cavity) formed by contributions from the ventral rami of spinal nerves _

Answer 33

lumbar 1 through 4

Question 34

lumbar plexus branches include (3 that we're learning)

Answer 34

1. femoral nerve (most anterior thigh muscles) 2. obturator nerve (medial thigh muscles) 3. part of the lumbosacral trunk

Question 35

sacral plexus (in abdominopelvic cavity): located on _

Answer 35

posterior wall of lesser pelvis

Question 36

sacral plexus (in abdominopelvic cavity): formed by contributions from the ventral rami of spinal nerves _

Answer 36

lumbar 4, lumbar 5, and sacral 1 through sacral 4

Question 37

sacral plexus (in abdominopelvic cavity): lumbosacral trunk is formed by part of the _ nerve united with the _; it contributes to the _ plexus

Answer 37

part of the L4 nerve united with the ventral ramus of the L5 nerve; contributes to the sacral plexus

Question 38

sacral plexus (in abdominopelvic cavity): fibers of the ventral (anterior) division that form the _ nerve go on to form the _ nerve

Answer 38

sciatic nerve go on to form the tibial nerve

Question 39

sacral plexus (in abdominopelvic cavity): fibers of the dorsal (posterior) division that form the _ nerve go on to form the _ nerve

Answer 39

sciatic nerve go on to form the common fibular nerve

Question 40

everything from the knee down is supplied by the _ nerve

Answer 40

sciatic nerve

Question 41

sacral plexus: major nerves we are learning (7) *hint: nerves to gluteal muscles + 3 others*

Answer 41

1. superior gluteal nerve 2. inferior gluteal nerve 3. nerve to piriformis 4. sciatic nerve 5. nerve to quadratus femoris 6. posterior femoral cutaneous nerve (posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh) 7. pudendal nerve

Question 42

perineum (space btwn the legs) nerves: pudendal nerve is the chief sensory nerve of the _; it is in the _ region only briefly and then leaves it to enter the perineum

Answer 42

external genitalia; in the gluteal region only briefly

Question 43

only the _ rami that forms plexuses

Answer 43

ventral (anterior)

Question 44

gluteal and posterior thigh regions: nerves in these regions nearly all rise from the _ except _

Answer 44

sacral plexus except the clunial nerves

Question 45

gluteal and posterior thigh regions: clunial nerves are (superficial/deep?) and supply the skin of _

Answer 45

superficial; supply skin of buttocks

Question 46

gluteal and posterior thigh regions: superior gluteal nerve leaves pelvis through _; supplies _ (3 muscles)

Answer 46

leaves pelvis through greater sciatic foramen; supplies gluteus medius, gluteus minimus; tensor fasciae latae

Question 47

gluteal and posterior thigh regions: inferior gluteal nerve leaves pelvis through _; supplies _ (1 muscle)

Answer 47

leaves through greater sciatic foramen; supplies gluteus maximus

Question 48

gluteal and posterior thigh regions: sciatic nerve is the continuation of the

Answer 48

main part of the sacral plexus

Question 49

gluteal and posterior thigh regions: sciatic nerve leaves pelvis through

Answer 49

greater sciatic foramen

Question 50

gluteal and posterior thigh regions: sciatic nerve is really 2 nerves, _ and _, which are loosely bound together in the same connective tissue sheath

Answer 50

tibial nerve and common fibular nerve

Question 51

gluteal and posterior thigh regions: sciatic nerve does not supply

Answer 51

any structures in the gluteal region

Question 52

gluteal and posterior thigh regions: sciatic nerve does supply

Answer 52

posterior thigh muscles, all muscles of the leg and foot, skin of most of the leg and foot, and all lower limb joints

Question 53

gluteal and posterior thigh regions: nerve to quadratus femoris supplies (3)

Answer 53

hip joint, inferior gemellus, and quadratus femoris

Question 54

gluteal and posterior thigh regions: posterior (femoral) cutaneous nerve of thigh supplies (5)

Answer 54

skin of buttocks, posterior thigh, posterior calf, lateral perineum; and upper medial thigh