Exam 2: Lower Limb lecture ii

Question 1

tibia: lateral and medial condyles articulate w/

Answer 1

femoral condyles

Question 2

tibia: intercondylar tubercles paired extensions that form the _

Answer 2

intercondylar eminence

Question 3

tibia: the intercondylar eminence, which in turn separates the two _ surfaces

Answer 3

the two articular surfaces

Question 4

tibia: intercondylar tubercles - the tubercles (and areas near them) provide attachment for the _ and _ ligaments of the knee

Answer 4

menisci and major ligaments of the knee

Question 5

tibia: the sharp _ border and the _ surface form the “shin”

Answer 5

sharp anterior border and medial (anteromedial) surface

Question 6

tibia: tibial tuberosity attachment point for _ ligament

Answer 6

patellar ligament

Question 7

tibia: fibular articular facet (anterolateral/posterolateral?); articulates with

Answer 7

posterolateral; articulates w/ head of the fibula

Question 8

tibia: medial malleolus extends _ to the rest of the shaft; provides attachment for _ joint ligaments; its lateral surface articulates w/ the _

Answer 8

extends inferior
for ankle joint ligaments
the talus

Question 9

tibia: interosseous border attaches _ that unites tibia and fibula

Answer 9

interosseous membrane

Question 10

tibia: soleal line attachment of

Answer 10

soleus

Question 11

tibia: nutrient foramen; these are also present on other bones, passageway for a _ supplying bone tissue

Answer 11

blood vessel

Question 12

fibula: tibiofibular syndesmosis joint attaches fibula to _ and includes the _

Answer 12

tibia and includes interosseous membrane

Question 13

fibula: head of fibula articulates w/

Answer 13

tibia

Question 14

fibula: shaft of fibula site of attachment for

Answer 14

many muscles

Question 15

fibula: lateral malleolus provides attachment for _ and articulates w/ _

Answer 15

attachment for ankle joint ligaments and articulates w/ talus

Question 16

what are the bones that make up the tarsus (7)

Answer 16

1. talus
2. calcaneus
3. navicular
4. cuboid
5. medial (1st) cuneiform
6. intermediate (2nd) cuneiform
7. lateral (3rd) cuneiform

Question 17

only the _ articulates with leg bones

Answer 17

talus

Question 18

the _ transfers some weight to the calcaneus, and some to the forefoot via a “hammock” that is suspended across a gap btwn a shelf-like projection of the calcaneus (the sustentaculum tali) and the navicular bone

this “hammock” is formed from the _

Answer 18

talus, formed from the plantar calcaneonavicular ligament

Question 19

calcaneus: transmits the majority of the body’s weight from the _ to the _

Answer 19

talus to the ground

Question 20

calcaneus: articulates w/

Answer 20

talus and cuboid

Question 21

calcaneus: includes _, a ridge that lies btwn and is needed for the fcn of the tendons of the fibularis longus muscle and fibularis brevis muscle

Answer 21

fibular trochlea

Question 22

calcaneus: includes _ tali

Answer 22

sustentaculum tali

Question 23

calcaneus: includes the weight-bearing _ tuberosity

Answer 23

calcaneal tuberosity

Question 24

navicular: navicular tuberosity is the site for attachment of _ that support the foot’s longitudinal arch

Answer 24

tendons

Question 25

cuneiforms: all 3 articulate w/ the _; lateral cuneiform also articulates with the _

Answer 25

navicular, cuboid

Question 26

tibia articulates w/ the _ and receives all the weight from it and then the tibia transfers all of that weight to the _

Answer 26

femur, talus

Question 27

how many ankle bones?

Answer 27

7

Question 28

how many foot phalanges

Answer 28

14

Question 29

bones of metatarsus: the metatarsals are numbered 1-5 from_ to _

Answer 29

medial to lateral

Question 30

bones of metatarsus: each has a proximal _ (articulates w/ cuneiform or cuboid to form _ joint), a middle _, and a distal _ (articulates w/ a proximal phalanx)

Answer 30

proximal base, tarsometatarsal joint, middle shaft, distal head

Question 31

bones of metatarsus: tuberosity of the 5th metatarsal a site for _ attachment; projects _ over the cuboid

Answer 31

tendon attachment, projects laterally over the cuboid

Question 32

bones of metatarsus: _ and _ bones found on the plantar surface of the head of the 1st metatarsal

Answer 32

medial and lateral sesamoid bones

Question 33

bones of metatarsus: medial and lateral sesamoid bones are embedded in _ passing along the foot's plantar surface

Answer 33

embedded in tendons

Question 34

bones of metatarsus: _ line is an oblique line formed by the tarsometatarsal joints; it joins the midpoints of the medial and (shorter) lateral borders of the foot

Answer 34

tarsometatarsal line

Question 35

bones of toes (phalanges): numbered 1 through 5 _ to _

Answer 35

medial to lateral

Question 36

bones of toes (phalanges): each digit has a _, _, and _ phalanx except the _ which lacks the _ phalanx

Answer 36

each digit has a PROXIMAL, MIDDLE, and DISTAL PHALANX except the GREAT TOE which lacks the MIDDLE PHALANX

Question 37

bones of toes (phalanges): each phalanx has a proximal _, a middle _, and a distal _

Answer 37

proximal base, middle shaft, and a distal head

Question 38

tarsals composed of what bones (5)?

Answer 38

tarsus = ankle 1. talus 2. calcaneus 3. navicular 4. medial, intermediate, lateral cuneiforms 5. cuboid

Question 39

how many metatarsals?

Answer 39

5

Question 40

how many phalanges?

Answer 40

3: proximal, middle (absent in great toe), and distal

Question 41

lower limb fascia: fascia lata is the _ fascia of the thigh

Answer 41

deep fascia of the thigh

Question 42

lower limb fascia: fascia lata encloses the _ muscles

Answer 42

large thigh muscles

Question 43

lower limb fascia: fascia lata limits outward bulging of _ and thereby facilitates _ in deep veins

Answer 43

outward bulging of muscles and thereby facilitates venous return in deep veins

Question 44

first thing to encounter after skin is

Answer 44

fascia (after subcutaneous tissue)

Question 45

fascia lata gives rise to

Answer 45

septa (septa = wall) that separate muscles with similar function and innervation into compartments

Question 46

lower limb fascia: fascia lata includes _ that separate muscles with similar fcn and innervation into compartments

Answer 46

septa

Question 47

lower limb fascia: fascia lata laterally, is thickened by additional reinforcing fibers to form the _

Answer 47

iliotibial tract

Question 48

lower limb fascia: fascia lata the iliotibial tract runs from _ to _ and is the shared aponeurosis of the _ and _

Answer 48

runs from ilium to tibia and is the shared aponeurosis of the tensor fasciae latae and gluteus maximus muscles