Exam 3: Lower limb contd lecture iii

Question 1

knee joint: extracapsular ligaments: fibular (lateral) collateral ligament: origin

Answer 1

from lateral epicondyle of femur

Question 2

knee joint: extracapsular ligaments: fibular (lateral) collateral ligament: insertion

Answer 2

to head of fibula

Question 3

knee joint: extracapsular ligaments: fibular (lateral) collateral ligament: it and the tibial collateral ligament are taut when when the knee is _

Answer 3

the knee is extended, aiding stability while standing

Question 4

knee joint: extracapsular ligaments: fibular (lateral) collateral ligament: as flexion proceeds, it and the tibial collateral ligament become increasingly _

Answer 4

slack, permitting and limiting (serving as check ligaments for) knee rotation

Question 5

knee joint: extracapsular ligaments: tibial (medial) collateral ligament: origin

Answer 5

from medial epicondyle

Question 6

knee joint: extracapsular ligaments: tibial (medial) collateral ligament: insertion

Answer 6

to superior, medial tibia

Question 7

knee joint: extracapsular ligaments: tibial (medial) collateral ligament: at its midpoint, its deep fibers are attached to the

Answer 7

medial meniscus

Question 8

knee joint: extracapsular ligaments: oblique popliteal ligament: expansion of the tendon of _

Answer 8

semimembranosus

Question 9

knee joint: extracapsular ligaments: oblique popliteal ligament: origin

Answer 9

from joint capsule near lateral femoral condyle

Question 10

knee joint: extracapsular ligaments: oblique popliteal ligament: insertion

Answer 10

to just posterior to medial tibial condyle

Question 11

knee joint: intra-articular ligaments (inside fibrous capsule of knee joint): anterior cruciate ligament: origin

Answer 11

from anterior intercondylar area of tibia

Question 12

knee joint: intra-articular ligaments (inside fibrous capsule of knee joint): anterior cruciate ligament: insertion

Answer 12

to medial side of lateral femoral condyle

Question 13

knee joint: intra-articular ligaments (inside fibrous capsule of knee joint): anterior cruciate ligament: prevents _ displacement of the femur on the tibia and _ of the joint

Answer 13

posterior displacement, hyperextension

Question 14

knee joint: intra-articular ligaments (inside fibrous capsule of knee joint): posterior cruciate ligament: origin

Answer 14

from posterior intercondylar area of tibia

Question 15

knee joint: intra-articular ligaments (inside fibrous capsule of knee joint): posterior cruciate ligament: insertion

Answer 15

to lateral side of medial femoral condyle

Question 16

knee joint: intra-articular ligaments (inside fibrous capsule of knee joint): posterior cruciate ligament: prevents _ displacement of the femur on the tibia and helps prevent _ of the knee joint

Answer 16

anterior displacement, hyperflexion

Question 17

the 2 cruciate ligaments are w/in the _ but outside of the _

Answer 17

w/in the joint capsule but outside of the synovial cavity

Question 18

the 2 cruciate ligaments wind around each other during _, severely limiting this movement

Answer 18

medial tibial rotation (considerably more lateral rotation is allowed)

Question 19

in every knee position, one cruciate ligament, or parts of one or both ligaments, is _

Answer 19

tense

Question 20

knee joint: menisci: medial meniscus: its anterior end (horn) is attached to the _, anterior to the _ ligament

Answer 20

anterior intercondylar area of the tibia, anterior to the ACL

Question 21

knee joint: menisci: medial meniscus: its posterior end is attached to the _, anterior to the _ ligament

Answer 21

posterior intercondylar area of the tibia, anterior to the PCL

Question 22

knee joint: menisci: medial meniscus: it also attaches to the _ ligament

Answer 22

tibial collateral ligament

Question 23

knee joint: menisci: lateral meniscus: its posterior part attaches to the

Answer 23

tendon of popliteus

Question 24

knee joint: menisci: lateral meniscus: it is also attached, via the _, to the posterior cruciate ligament and the medial femoral condyle

Answer 24

posterior meniscofemoral ligament

Question 25

the menisci are made of _ and fcn to absorb _ and to deepen the _

Answer 25

fibrocartilage shock deepen the articular surface of the tibia

Question 26

knee joint: movements: the main movements? (2)

Answer 26

flexion (w/ the hamstrings being most important) and extension (quadriceps femoris most important)

Question 27

knee joint: movements: when the knee is flexed, some _ is also possible

Answer 27

rotation (hamstrings and popliteus are most important)

Question 28

knee joint: movements: if the knee is fully extended w/ the foot on the ground, the knee passively "locks" due to _ rotation of the _ on the tibia to produce a solid column (the lower limb) for weight bearing

Answer 28

medial rotation of the femoral condyles

Question 29

knee joint: movements: the menisci are capable to _ slightly on the tibial superior surface as a femoral condyle moves slightly on its corresponding tibial condyle

Answer 29

"migrate"

Question 30

ankle (talocrural) joint: classification

Answer 30

synovial; hinge

Question 31

ankle (talocrural) joint: articulating surfaces: _ surface and _ malleolus of tibia w/ talus

Answer 31

inferior surface, medial malleolus

Question 32

ankle (talocrural) joint: articulating surfaces: _ malleolus of fibula with talus

Answer 32

lateral

Question 33

ankle joint: movements: main movements are

Answer 33

dorsiflexion and plantarflexion of foot

Question 34

tibiofibular joints: (superior) tibiofibular joint: classification

Answer 34

synovial; plane

Question 35

tibiofibular joints: (superior) tibiofibular joint: btwn _ head and _ condyle

Answer 35

fibular head and lateral tibial condyle

Question 36

tibiofibular joints: (superior) tibiofibular joint: strengthened by the _

Answer 36

anterior ligament of the fibular head

Question 37

tibiofibular joints: (superior) tibiofibular joint: allows only a slight _ movement

Answer 37

gliding movement

Question 38

tibiofibular joints: tibiofibular syndesmosis: classificatoin

Answer 38

fibrous; syndesmosis

Question 39

tibiofibular joints: a compound (2 parts) joint that is the fibrous union of

Answer 39

tibia and fibula

Question 40

tibiofibular joints: a compound (2 parts) joint that is the fibrous union of tibia and fibula by means of: _ btwn tibial and fibular shafts

Answer 40

interosseous membrane

Question 41

tibiofibular joints: a compound (2 parts) joint that is the fibrous union of tibia and fibula by means of: and 3 _ btwn the distal ends of the 2 bones

Answer 41

tibiofibular ligaments

Question 42

tibiofibular joints: allows very slight movement t/f?

Answer 42

true

Question 43

intertarsal joints (joints btwn 2/more tarsal bones): anatomical subtalar (talocalcaneal) joint: btwn what 2 foot bones

Answer 43

talus and calcaneus

Question 44

intertarsal joints (joints btwn 2/more tarsal bones): anatomical subtalar (talocalcaneal) joint: classification

Answer 44

synovial; plane

Question 45

intertarsal joints (joints btwn 2/more tarsal bones): anatomical subtalar (talocalcaneal) joint: movements (2)

Answer 45

inversion and eversion of foot

Question 46

intertarsal joints (joints btwn 2/more tarsal bones): anatomical subtalar (talocalcaneal) joint: the compound _ additionally includes the talonavicular part of the talocalcaneonavicular joint

Answer 46

clinical subtalar joint

Question 47

intertarsal joints: transverse tarsal joint: compound joint formed by 2 separate joints _ and _ of the talocalcaneonavicular joint

Answer 47

the calcaneocuboid joint (synovial; plane) and the talocalcaneal part (synovial; ball and socket)

Question 48

intertarsal joints: transverse tarsal joint: allows forefoot/midfoot to _ relative to the hindfoot, which aids inversion and eversion

Answer 48

rotate

Question 49

based on your knowledge of lower limb joints and of the fcns of lower limb muscles, at which joints do fibularis longus and fibularis brevis primarily act?

Answer 49

as everters, fibularis longus and fibularis brevis act at the subtalar and transverse tarsal joints

Question 50

based on your knowledge of lower limb joints and of the fcns of lower limb muscles, at which joints do tibialis anterior and posterior primarily act?

Answer 50

as dorsiflexors and extensors act on the ankle joint

Question 51

other foot joints: a joint btwn a metatarsal head and proximal phalanx base is a _ (classification_)

Answer 51

metatarsophalangeal joint (classification: synovial, condyloid)

Question 52

other foot joints: a joint btwn one phalanx head and another phalanx base is an _ (classification)

Answer 52

interphalangeal joint (classification: synovial, hinge)

Question 53

t/f: the oblique popliteal ligament strengthens and/or support posterior aspect of knee joint

Answer 53

true

Question 54

cruciate means

Answer 54

cross/crucify "X"

Question 55

meniscus means

Answer 55

crescent C-shaped (fibrocartilage)

Question 56

crural refers to the

Answer 56

leg

Question 57

ligament is bone to bone but also used to describe

Answer 57

connective tissue attaching any structure to another