Exam 2: Lower Limb lecture v

Question 1

neurovascular structures in anteromedial thigh (2)

Answer 1

femoral sheath

femoral triangle

Question 2

femoral sheath: a _-shaped tube formed by _

Answer 2

funnel-shaped formed by fascia

Question 3

femoral sheath: encloses the _ parts of the femoral vessels and creates a _ medial to them

Answer 3

proximal parts, femoral canal (the canal is thus one of three subcompartments formed by the sheath)

Question 4

femoral triangle: its floor is formed by _ and _

Answer 4

iliopsoas and pectineus

Question 5

femoral triangle: superior border is

Answer 5

inguinal ligament

Question 6

femoral triangle: medial border is

Answer 6

adductor longus

Question 7

femoral triangle: lateral border is

Answer 7

sartorius

Question 8

femoral triangle contents: from lateral to medial

Answer 8

• femoral nerve*
• femoral artery*
• femoral vein and proximal tributaries such as great saphenous vein and profunda femoris vein*
• deep inguinal lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels*
• w/in femoral sheath

Question 9

why are myotomes important

Answer 9

most movements the lower limb makes require more than 1 myotome ie more than 1 nerve

Question 10

adductor canal: _ passageway deep to the _ by which the major _ of the thigh traverses the middle third of the thigh

Answer 10

intermuscular passageway, sartorius muscle, major neurovascular bundle of the thigh
inter = btwn; btwn muscles

Question 11

t/f: the adductor canal starts at inguinal ligament

Answer 11

FALSE; DOES NOT! Starts more towards bottom of femoral canal and ends more down towards the knee

Question 12

femoral nerve: largest branch of _ plexus

Answer 12

lumbar plexus

Question 13

femoral nerve: passes deep to _ to enter femoral triangle

Answer 13

inguinal ligament

Question 14

femoral nerve: sends branches to

Answer 14

anterior thigh muscles, hip and knee joints, and skin

Question 15

femoral nerve: its terminal cutaneous branch is

Answer 15

the saphenous nerve

Question 16

femoral artery: continuation of the _ artery, distal to _

Answer 16

external iliac artery, distal to inguinal ligament

Question 17

femoral artery: branches include (3)

Answer 17

1. profunda femoris artery
2. medial circumflex femoral artery
3. lateral circumflex femoral artery

Question 18

profunda femoris artery: main artery to _; gives off _ to muscles of medial, posterior, and lateral copartments

Answer 18

main artery to thigh, gives off perforating arteries

profunda = deep

Question 19

medial circumflex femoral artery: supplies most of _ via _ arteries

Answer 19

the blood to head and neck of femur via its branches, the posterior retinacular arteries

Question 20

lateral circumflex femoral artery: mainly supplies muscles on _ side of thigh

Answer 20

lateral side of thigh (the 2 circumflex femoral arteries anastomose with each other and with other arteries)

Question 21

obturator artery: usu a branch of the _ artery

Answer 21

internal iliac artery

Question 22

obturator artery: divides into _ and _ branches

Answer 22

anterior and posterior (supplies adductus brevis)

Question 23

obturator artery: supplies (5)

Answer 23

1. obtuartor externus
2. pectineus
3. thigh adductors
4. gracilis
5. femoral head

Question 24

t/f: femoral artery is the main supply artery of the lower limb

Answer 24

true

Question 25

t/f: obturator artery is a branch of femoral artery

Answer 25

FALSE; internal iliac artery

Question 26

femoral vein: a continuation of _ vein

Answer 26

popliteal vein

Question 27

femoral vein: travels through _ canal, enters _ sheath, and ends by becoming the _ vein

Answer 27

through adductor canal, enters femoral sheath, ends by becoming the external iliac vein

Question 28

femoral vein: receives the _ vein, the great _ vein, and others

Answer 28

receives the profunda femoris vein, the great saphenous vein, and others

Question 29

the greater sciatic foramen is a "door" through which _ and _ leave the pelvis and enter the _ region; _ also passes through this foramen

Answer 29

which lower limb arteries and nerves (eg the sciatic nerve) leave the pelvis and enter the GLUTEAL region; PIRIFORMIS also passes through this foramen

Question 30

gluteal muscles: gluteus maximus origin

Answer 30

posterosuperior ilium and dorsal sacrum and coccyx

Question 31

gluteal muscles: gluteus maximus insertion

Answer 31

to iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity of femur

Question 32

gluteal muscles: gluteus maximus innervation

Answer 32

inferior gluteal nerve

Question 33

gluteal muscles: gluteus maximus action

Answer 33

extends (as in rising from a sitting position) and lateral rotates thigh

Question 34

gluteal bursae: membranous sacs placed in areas subject to _ that contain a thin layer of _ and that separate _ from adjacent structures

Answer 34

subject to friction, synovial fluid, separate gluteus maximus from adjacent structures

Question 35

gluteal muscles: gluteus medius mostly covered by

Answer 35

gluteus maximus

Question 36

gluteal muscles: gluteus medius origin

Answer 36

from external (posterolateral) ilial surface

Question 37

gluteal muscles: gluteus medius insertion

Answer 37

to greater trochanter

Question 38

gluteal muscles: gluteus medius innervation

Answer 38

superior gluteal nerve

Question 39

gluteal muscles: gluteus medius action

Answer 39

stabilize hip and abduct and medially rotate thigh

Question 40

gluteal muscles: gluteus minimus anterior to

Answer 40

gluteus medius

Question 41

gluteal muscles: gluteus minimus origin

Answer 41

from external (posterolateral) ilial surface

Question 42

gluteal muscles: gluteus minimus insertion

Answer 42

to greater trochanter

Question 43

gluteal muscles: gluteus minimus innervation

Answer 43

superior gluteal nerve

Question 44

gluteal muscles: gluteus minimus action

Answer 44

stabilize hip and abduct and medially rotate thigh

Question 45

gluteal muscles: tensor fasciae latae origin

Answer 45

anterior superior iliac spine and iliac crest

Question 46

gluteal muscles: tensor fasciae latae insertion

Answer 46

to iliotibial tract

Question 47

gluteal muscles: tensor fasciae latae innervation

Answer 47

superior gluteal nerve

Question 48

gluteal muscles: tensor fasciae latae action

Answer 48

tenses fascia lata and iliotibial tract; works with gluteus medius and minimus

Question 49

during walking, the gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and tensor fasciae latae on the right side _ when the right (but not left) foot is on the ground to prevent the sagging of the unsupported left side of the pelvis (that is, to "support" the pelvis) and to prevent rightward lateral sway

Answer 49

contract