Exam 2: Lower Limb lecture iv

Question 1

compartments of the thigh (3)

Answer 1

1. anterior (flexion, femoral nerve innervation)
2. posterior (extension, sciatic nerve innervation)
3. medial (adductor, obturator nerve innervation)

Question 2

the compartments of the thigh are separated by _ that pass btwn muscle groups from the _ to the _

Answer 2

intermuscular septa, from the inner surface of the fascia lata to the linea aspera of the femur

Question 3

adduction

Answer 3

adduction is a movement towards the midline. adduction of the hip squeezes the legs together

Question 4

abduction

Answer 4

abduction is a movement away from the midline – just as abducting someone is to take them away. for example, abduction of the shoulder raises the arms out to the sides of the body

Question 5

flexion

Answer 5

flexion refers to a movement that decreases the angle between two body parts; when the knee flexes, the ankle moves closer to the buttock, and the angle between the femur and tibia gets smaller

Question 6

extension

Answer 6

extension refers to a movement that increases the angle between two body parts; extension of the knee straightens the lower limb

Question 7

anterior thigh muscles: (5)

Answer 7

1. pectineus (transitional muscle)
2. iliopsoas -psoas major
3. iliopsoas -iliacus
4. sartorius
5. quadriceps femoris

Question 8

pectineus origin

Answer 8

superior pubic ramus

Question 9

pectineus insertion

Answer 9

to femur, just below lesser trochanter

Question 10

pectineus innervation

Answer 10

femoral nerve

Question 11

pectineus action (3)

Answer 11

adduct, flex, and assist w/ medial rotation of thigh

Question 12

iliopsoas -psoas major origin

Answer 12

lumbar vertebrae

Question 13

iliopsoas -psoas major insertion

Answer 13

to lesser trochanter

Question 14

iliopsoas -psoas major innervation

Answer 14

lumbar spinal nerves

Question 15

iliopsoas -psoas major action

Answer 15

flex thigh and stabilize hip joint

Question 16

iliopsoas -iliacus origin

Answer 16

iliac crest, iliac fossa, and sacrum

Question 17

iliopsoas -iliacus insertion

Answer 17

to psoas major tendon and lesser trochanter

Question 18

iliopsoas -iliacus innervation

Answer 18

femoral nerve

Question 19

iliopsoas -iliacus action

Answer 19

flex thigh and stabilize hip joint

Question 20

sartorius origin

Answer 20

anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)

Question 21

sartorius insertion

Answer 21

to superior part of medial tibial surface

Question 22

sartorius innervation

Answer 22

femoral nerve

Question 23

sartorius action

Answer 23

flex and laterally rotate thigh (at hip); flex leg (at knee)

Question 24

what are the 2 joint muscles

Answer 24

sartorius and gracilis

Question 25

quadriceps femoris has _ different heads with different origins (attachments)

Answer 25

4

Question 26

quadriceps femoris runs to the _ both via a common tendon called _ and also independently, and then, via _ ligament on to the _ (insertion)

Answer 26

runs to the patella common tendon aka quadriceps tendon patellar ligament insertion is tibial tuberosity

Question 27

quadriceps femoris innervation

Answer 27

femoral nerve

Question 28

quadriceps femoris action

Answer 28

extends leg (rectus femoris also stabilizes hip and helps flex thigh); it is the great extensor of the leg

Question 29

quadriceps femoris is made up of (4)

Answer 29

1. rectus femoris 2. vastus lateralis 3. vastus medialis 4. vastus intermedius

Question 30

rectus femoris origin

Answer 30

anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS) and ilium superior to acetabulum

Question 31

vastus lateralis origin

Answer 31

greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera

Question 32

vastus medialis origin

Answer 32

intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera

Question 33

vastus intermedius origin

Answer 33

anterior and lateral femoral shaft; it is deep to rectus femoris

Question 34

medial thigh muscles (5)

Answer 34

1. adductor longus 2. adductor brevis 3. adductor magnus 4. gracilis 5. obturator externus

Question 35

adductor longus origin

Answer 35

body of pubis

Question 36

adductor longus insertion

Answer 36

to middle part of linea aspera

Question 37

adductor longus innervation

Answer 37

obturator nerve

Question 38

adductor longus action

Answer 38

adducts thigh

Question 39

adductor brevis origin

Answer 39

body and inferior ramus of pubis

Question 40

adductor brevis insertion

Answer 40

to proximal part of linea aspera

Question 41

adductor brevis is posterior to (covered by)

Answer 41

pectineus and adductor longus

Question 42

the 2 divisions of the obturator nerve run _ and _ to adductor brevis

Answer 42

anterior and posterior

Question 43

adductor brevis innervation

Answer 43

obturator nerve

Question 44

adductor brevis action

Answer 44

adducts thigh

Question 45

adductor magnus: adductor part origin

Answer 45

inferior ramus of pubis and ramus of ischium

Question 46

adductor magnus: adductor part insertion

Answer 46

to linea aspera and medial supracondylar line

Question 47

adductor magnus: hamstring part origin

Answer 47

ischial tuberosity

Question 48

adductor magnus: hamstring part insertion

Answer 48

to adductor tubercle of femur

Question 49

adductor magnus: its middle is posterior to

Answer 49

adductor longus

Question 50

adductor magnus innervation for adductor part

Answer 50

obturator nerve

Question 51

adductor magnus innervation for hamstring part

Answer 51

tibial part of sciatic nerve

Question 52

adductor magnus action of adductor part

Answer 52

adducts and flexes thigh

Question 53

adductor magnus action of hamstring part

Answer 53

adducts and extends thigh

Question 54

gracilis crosses both _ and _ joints

Answer 54

hip and knee joints

Question 55

gracilis origin

Answer 55

runs from pubic body and inferior ramus

Question 56

gracilis insertion

Answer 56

to superior part of medial tibia

Question 57

gracilis: at superior part of medial tibia, it shares a common tendon of insertion, the _, with sartorius and semitendinosus

Answer 57

pes anserinus

Question 58

gracilis innervation

Answer 58

obturator nerve

Question 59

gracilis action

Answer 59

adducts thigh; flexes and medially rotates leg

Question 60

obturator externus origin

Answer 60

deep; from obturator membrane and surrounding bone

Question 61

obturator externus insertion

Answer 61

to near greater trochanter

Question 62

obturator externus innervation

Answer 62

obturator nerve

Question 63

obturator externus action

Answer 63

laterally rotates thigh