Exam 2 - Regions of the Vertebral Column (Thoracis/Dorsal Region)

Question 1

Which thoracis segments are considered the typical thoracics?

Answer 1

T2-T8 segments

Question 2

WHich thoracic segments are considered atypical?

Answer 2

T1

T9-T12

Question 3

What features will allow discrimination between T2-T4 and T5-T8 segmental groups?

Answer 3

vertebral body
transverse process
articular process
spinous process

Question 4

What is the name given to the left side of appearance of the vertebral body of T5-T8?

Answer 4

the aortic impression

Question 5

What is the height pattern of the typical thoracic vertebral body?

Answer 5

the posterior height is greater than the anterior height by 1-2mm

Question 6

What is the principal cause of the posterior (kyphotic) curve of the thoracic spine?

Answer 6

the vertebral body height differences

Question 7

In terms of the anterior-posterior curves of the vertebral column, what direction will the thoracic spine face?

Answer 7

posterior

Question 8

What is another way of naming a posterior curve pattern?

Answer 8

kyphotic curve

Question 9

What joints are identified at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

Answer 9

vertebral body - ALL at the epiphyseal rims
vertebral body - PLL at the epiphyseal rims
vertebral body-vertebral body via the intervertebral discs
vertebral body - capitulum of a rib (costocentral joint)

Question 10

What joint classifications are identified at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

Answer 10

fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis
cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphasis
synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)

Question 11

How many synovial joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

Answer 11

4

Question 12

How many symphasis joints are formed with the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

Answer 12

2

Question 13

How many joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

Answer 13

10

14 if the costocentral stellate/radiate ligaments are included

Question 14

Which of the demi-facets on the vertebral body of a typical thoracic is larger?

Answer 14

the superior costal demi-facet

Question 15

What is the rib-vertebral bodycombination at the intervertebral foramen for the T6 never?

Answer 15

the inferior costal demi-facet of T6 will joint with the superior articular surface of the head of the 7th rib

the superior costal demifacet of T7 will joint with the inferior articular surface of the head of the 7th rib

Question 16

What feature will provide assistance in maintaining stability of the intervertebral foramen in the typical thoracics?

Answer 16

the constocentral joint or ribs

Question 17

What ligaments support the costocentral joint?

Answer 17

the costocentral stellate/radiate ligament

constocenteral interarticular / intra-articular ligament

Question 18

What does the costocentral inra-articular or interarticular ligament connect to?

Answer 18

the interarticular/intra-articular crest of the head of the rib
intervertebral disc

Question 19

What is the size relationship between the articulating surface of the head of the rib and the costal demifacet surface?

Answer 19

the rib surface is greater than the costal demifacet surface

Question 20

Which muscles attach to the vertebral body of T2 or T3?

Answer 20

the longus colli

Question 21

What is the angulation of the pedicle in the typical thoracic region?

Answer 21

10-15 degrees posterolateral from the sagittal plane

Question 22

WHich Xray view is used to see into the intervertebral foramen of a typical thoracic?

Answer 22

the lateral view

Question 23

What is the overlap of the lamina called in the typical thoracic region?

Answer 23

shingling

Question 24

What is the outline of the vertebral foramen in the typical thoracic region?

Answer 24

oval to circular

Question 25

In which plane will the size of the vertebral foramen of a typical thoracic be greatest

Answer 25

the transverse plane | the vertebral transverse diameter

Question 26

What ligaments support the costotransverse joint of a typical thoracic?

Answer 26

the superior costotransverse inferior costotransverse lateral costotransverse ligaments

Question 27

The superior costotransverse ligament of the transverse process of T4 will attach to rib?

Answer 27

5

Question 28

The inferior costotransverse ligament of the transverse process of T5 will attach to rib ___

Answer 28

5

Question 29

The lateral costotransverse ligament of the transverse process of T5 will attach to rib ___

Answer 29

5

Question 30

WHich muscles may attach to the transverse process of a typical thoracic?

Answer 30

``` longissimus thoracis longissimus cervicis longissimus capitis semispinalis thoracis semispinalis cervicis semispinalis capitis multifidis rotator longus rotator brevis intertransversarii levator costarum longus levator costarum brevis ```

Question 31

How do the transverse diameters of the articular processes compare in the T2-T4 region?

Answer 31

the superior articular process transverse diameter is greater than the inferior articular process transverse diameter for a given segment

Question 32

How do the transverse diameters of the articular processes compare in the T5-T8 region?

Answer 32

the superior articular process transverse diameter is the same as or equal to the inferior articular process transverse diamenter for a given segment

Question 33

What is the orientation of the superior articular facet of a typical thoracic?

Answer 33

they face Backward Upward Lateral | BUL

Question 34

What is the orientation of the inferior articular facet of a typical thoracic?

Answer 34

they face Forward Downward Medial | ForMeD

Question 35

How may synovial joints are present at a typical thoracic?

Answer 35

10

Question 36

Identify the synovial joint surfaces for ribs that are present on a typical thoracic

Answer 36

2 superior costal demifacets 2 inferior costal demifacets 2 transverse costal facets

Question 37

Which muscles may attach to the spinous process of a typical thoracic?

Answer 37

``` trapezius latissimus dorsi rhomboid major serratus posterior superior splenius cervicis splenius capitis spinalis thoracis spinalis cervicis spinalis capitis semispinalis thoracis multifidis rotator longus rotator brevis interspinalis ```

Question 38

WHich muscles attaching to the spinous process of a typical thoracic are not included in any muscle later of the true back?

Answer 38

splenius capitis | interspinalis

Question 39

What joint classifications are present at every typical thoracic vertebra?

Answer 39

fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphasis synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)