Exam #3 Key Term Part 3

Question 1

signaling molecule that is used to produce in low concentrations by one part of an organism’s body and transported to other parts

Answer 1

hormone

Question 2

any chemicals that promotes elongation of cells

Answer 2

auxin

Question 3

growth response that results in plant organs curving toward or away from stimuli

Answer 3

tropism

Question 4

promotes stem elongation and is synthesized in shoot and root tips

Answer 4

gibberellins

Question 5

growing drastically than before

Answer 5

bolting

Question 6

stimulates cell division and promotes leaf expansion mostly in root tips

Answer 6

cytokinins

Question 7

it is produced from the stress of plants like droughts, flooding, mechanical pressure, injury, and infection. it also promotes fruit ripening.

Answer 7

ethylene

Question 8

programmed death of certain cells or organs or the entire plant

Answer 8

senescence

Question 9

cutting leaves off

Answer 9

abscission

Question 10

inhibits growth in response to environmental cues

Answer 10

abscisic acid

Question 11

growth of a shoot toward light or away from it

Answer 11

phototropism

Question 12

adjustment of growth to where the shoot bends upward and the root curves downward( growth response to a directional light source)

Answer 12

gravitropism

Question 13

dense cytoplasmic components that settle under the influence of gravity to the lower portions of the cell

Answer 13

statoliths

Question 14

directional growt5h where cells on opposite sides began to coil (vines)

Answer 14

thigmotropism

Question 15

reversible responses to non-directional stimuli (flower being closed during the day and opening in the afternoon)

Answer 15

nastic movements

Question 16

cushion-like swellings at the base of the stalk of a leaf or leaflet

Answer 16

pulvini

Question 17

change in electricity

Answer 17

action potential

Question 18

physiological response to specific changes in night or day lengths, such as flowering

Answer 18

photoperiodism

Question 19

pigments that absorb mostly red and far-red light, and regulate plant responses to light, including seed germination and shade avoidance.

Answer 19

phytochrome

Question 20

flower in spring or summer( when day length is long relative to night)

Answer 20

long-day plants

Question 21

flower in late summer or autumn (when day length is short relative to night)

Answer 21

short-day plants

Question 22

flowering not affected by photoperiod (flower when reaches a certain maturity)

Answer 22

day-neutral plants

Question 23

use of pretreatment with cold to stimulate flowering

Answer 23

vernalization

Question 24

rest for winter hibernation(no growth)

Answer 24

dormancy

Question 25

biological structure

Answer 25

anatomy

Question 26

biological function

Answer 26

physiology

Question 27

the independent evolution of similar features in different lineages

Answer 27

convergent evolution

Question 28

groups of cells with a similar appearance and common function

Answer 28

tissues

Question 29

different types of tissues that are functional units

Answer 29

organs

Question 30

groups of organs working together

Answer 30

organ system

Question 31

signaling molecules(hormones) are released into the bloodstream and are carried to all locations of the body

Answer 31

endocrine

Question 32

glands that produce things to move to the outside (sweat and oil)

Answer 32

exocrine